Detailed explanation of the support for custom language parsing by Rust calling tree-sitter

To use Rust to call tree-sitter to parse a custom language, you need to follow a series of steps to define the language's syntax, generate a parser, and use this parser in Rust. Here are the detailed steps:

1. Define the syntax of a custom language

First, you need to create a tree-sitter language definition. Suppose you want to define a simple custom language, create a new directory and add a file named :

mkdir my_language
cd my_language
touch

Define your language syntax in . For example, the following is a simple example representing a hypothetical language:

 = grammar({
    name: 'my_language',
    rules: {
        // Rule definition        program: $ =&gt; repeat($.statement),
        statement: $ =&gt; choice(
            $.expression,
            $.assignment
        ),
        expression: $ =&gt; /[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*/,
        assignment: $ =&gt; seq(
            $.expression,
            '=',
            $.expression
        ),
    }
});

2. Generate C parser

Use the tree-sitter-cli tool to generate a C parser. Make sure you have tree-sitter-cli installed, which can be installed via the following command:

npm install -g tree-sitter-cli

Then run the following command in your custom language directory to generate the parser:

tree-sitter generate

This will generate a C code file in the my_language directory.

3. Use a custom parser in a Rust project

Next, you need to use this custom language parser in your Rust project. First, create a new Rust project:

cargo new tree_sitter_my_language
cd tree_sitter_my_language

4. Add dependencies

In the file, add tree-sitter and cc dependencies:

[dependencies]
tree-sitter = "0.23"
[build-dependencies]
cc = "1.0"

5. Create

Create a file in the project root directory to compile a custom parser:

extern crate cc;
fn main() {
    cc::Build::new()
        .include("my_language/src") // Point to the src directory of the custom language        .file("my_language/src/")
        .compile("tree-sitter-my_language");
    println!("cargo:rerun-if-changed=my_language/src/");
}

6. Write Rust code

Write code in src/ using a custom parser:

use tree_sitter::{Parser, Language};
// Introduce custom languageextern "C" { fn tree_sitter_my_language() -&gt; Language; }
fn main() {
    // Initialize parser    let mut parser = Parser::new();
    // Set custom language    let language = unsafe { tree_sitter_my_language() };
    parser.set_language(&amp;language).expect("Error loading custom language grammar");
    // Custom language code to parse    let source_code = r#"
    x = 10
    y = 20
    z = x + y
    "#;
    // parse the source code    let tree = (source_code, None).unwrap();
    // Get the root node of the syntax tree    let root_node = tree.root_node();
    // Output analysis results    println!("Parsed custom language code:\n{:?}", root_node);
}

7. Run the project

Ensure that the project structure looks like this:

tree_sitter_my_language/
├── 
├── 
├── my_language/        # Custom language directory│   ├── 
│   ├── src/
│   │   ├── 
│   │   └── ... (Other generated files)
└── src/
    └──

Then run the following command:

cargo build
cargo run

This parses the custom language code and outputs the root node information of the syntax tree.

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