Summary of commonly used resource monitoring commands in Linux

The three most commonly used commands

1. Humanized real-time monitoring of the use of resources such as CPU, memory, and processes

htop

2. Real-time monitoring of GPU

watch -n 1 nvidia-smi

3. Check the usage of hard disk partitions in a humanized manner

df -h

Linux System Resource Monitoring Guide

1. CPU monitoring

1.1 Real-time monitoring commands

# top - Classic real-time system monitoring tooltop

# htop - More friendly top alternative, support for interactionhtop

# uptime - View system loaduptime

# mpstat - CPU usage statisticsmpstat 1

# vmstat - Virtual Memory Statisticsvmstat 1

1.2 View CPU information

# View CPU informationcat /proc/cpuinfo

# Check CPU temperaturesensors

# Statistics the number of CPU coresnproc

2. Memory monitoring

2.1 Real-time monitoring commands

# free - Show memory usagefree -h

# vmstat - Virtual Memory Statisticsvmstat 1

# top/htop can also display memory informationhtop

2.2 Memory details

# View detailed memory informationcat /proc/meminfo

# Check process memory usageps aux --sort=-%mem | head

3. GPU monitoring

3.1 NVIDIA GPU

# nvidia-smi - NVIDIA GPU statusnvidia-smi

# Real-time monitoring of GPUswatch -n 1 nvidia-smi

# Detailed GPU informationnvidia-smi -q

# GPU usage statisticsnvidia-smi dmon

3.2 AMD GPU

# rocm-smi - AMD GPU statusrocm-smi

4. Disk monitoring

4.1 Disk Space

# df - Check disk space usagedf -h

# du - View directory sizedu -sh /path/to/directory

4.2 Disk I/O

#iostat - Disk I/O Statisticsiostat -x 1

#iotop - Display disk I/O by processiotop

# pidstat - Process resource usage statisticspidstat -d 1

5. Network monitoring

5.1 Network traffic

# iftop - Real-time network bandwidth monitoringiftop

# nethogs - Display network bandwidth usage by processnethogs

#iptraf - Network statistics tooliptraf-ng

5.2 Network connection

# netstat - Network Connection Statisticsnetstat -tuln

#ss - new version netstatss -tuln

# tcpdump - Network packet analysistcpdump -i eth0

6. Comprehensive monitoring tools

6.1 Command Line Tools

# glances - System monitoring toolglances

# nmon - Performance Monitoringnmon

# atop - System resource monitoringatop

6.2 Graphic interface tools

System Monitor (gnome-system-monitor)
KSysGuard (KDE)
Conky

7. Log monitoring

7.1 System Log

# View system logs in real timetail -f /var/log/syslog

# View system startup logjournalctl -b

7.2 Performance Log

# sar - System Activity Reportsar -u 1 # CPU
sar -r 1 # Memorysar -b 1 # I/O

8. Install the necessary tools

# Ubuntu/Debian
sudo apt-get install htop iftop iotop glances nmon net-tools sysstat

# CentOS/RHEL
sudo yum install htop iftop iotop glances nmon net-tools sysstat

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