Overview
A structure is a collection of data composed of a series of data of the same type or different types.
grammar
Define structure [identifies the name of the custom structure, which cannot be repeated in the same package]
type Structure name struct {
Fields1: Fields1Value of,
Fields2: Fields2Value of,
......
}
example
//studenttype Student struct {
Name string //Name Age int //age Sex bool //Gender true:Male false:Female}
Three forms of structure definition
The first type [basic instantiation]
var stu Student
The second type of [Pointer type structure]
var stu *Student = new(Student)
The third type [taking the address of the structure instantiation, through the operation of &]
var stu *Student = &Student{}
Initialize the structure
Key-value pair initialization structure
Key values are separated by: separated by key values; key values are separated by:
Variable name:= Structure type name{
Field 1: The value of field 1,
Field 2: The value of field 2,
......
}
example
stu3 := Student{
Name: "Li Si",
Age: 18}
Value list fills structure
There are no fields, according to the sequence, all must be filled
Variable name:= Structure type name{
The value of field 1,
The value of field 2,
......
}
stu4 := Student{
"Wang Wu",
18,
true,
}
Anonymous structure
Assign values simultaneously when defining structures
Variable name:= struct{
Field 1: Field type 1,
Field 2: Field type 2,
......
}{
// Field value initialization
Field 1: The value of field 1,
Field 2: The value of field 2,
......
}
stu5 := struct {
Name string
Age int
}{
Name: "Wang Wu",
Age: 18,
}
Accessing structure members
Use the "." point to the symbol ".
Structure.field
var stu Student ="Zhang San" //Assignment=18 =true () //access
Structure as function parameter
func Function name([Structural variables、Structure pointer variable]){}
func printStudent(stu Student) {}
func printStudent(stu *Student) {}
Structural pointer
Use the structure pointer to access the structure members, using the "." operator.
var Variable name *Structure name
var stu1 *Student = new(Student) = "Li Si" = 20 = false
Add structure method
Add a method to the structure, add a bracket between the func and the method name, and add a pointer reference to the structure [can also be a value reference]
func ([Structure name]) Method name([Parameter list])[Return to the value list]{}
example
var stu Student
= "Zhang San"
= 18
= false
//Call()
//Add structure methodfunc (stu Student) sayHi() {
(, "Hi")
}
Summarize
golang is a non-object-oriented language. It can also be said that the structures in go language are similar to classes in java, but it is obviously lacking in the characteristics of inheritance polymorphism and other OO.
Pointer variables access structure members through . If they are C or C++, they must be accessed through *. This is an optimization by Go to it.
Example
package main
import "fmt"
//Define the structure [Identify the name of the custom structure, it cannot be repeated in the same package]type Student struct {
Name string
Age int
Sex bool
}
func main() {
//Three forms of struct definition var stu Student
= "Zhang San"
= 18
= false
(stu)
var stu1 *Student = new(Student)
= "Li Si"
= 20
= false
(stu1)
var stu2 *Student = &Student{}
= "Wang Wu"
= 55
= true
(stu2)
//Initialize the structure stu3 := Student{
Name: "Li Si",
Age: 18}
(stu3)
stu4 := Student{
"Wang Wu",
18,
true,
}
(stu4)
//Anonymous structure stu5 := struct {
Name string
Age int
}{
Name: "Wang Wu",
Age: 18,
}
(stu5)
// printStudent(stu)
printStudent(stu1)
()
}
//Add structure methodfunc (stu Student) sayHi() {
(, "Hi")
}
// func printStudent(stu Student) {
// (, , )
// }
func printStudent(stu *Student) {
(, , )
}
The above is a detailed explanation of the usage and examples of the Go language infrastructure. For more information about Go language structures, please pay attention to my other related articles!