How to read xml files in python

Reading XML files is a common task in Python and can usually be used with built-inModule to complete. This module provides simple and efficient XML parsing and generation functions. Below is a detailed code example and explanation, showing how to use itTo read the XML file.

Code Example

Suppose we have a name calledXML file, the content is as follows:

<data>
    <country name="Liechtenstein">
        <rank>1</rank>
        <year>2008</year>
        <gdpcap>141100</gdpcap>
        <neighbor name="Austria" direction="E"/>
        <neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W"/>
    </country>
    <country name="Singapore">
        <rank>4</rank>
        <year>2011</year>
        <gdpcap>59900</gdpcap>
        <neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N"/>
    </country>
    <!-- More national data -->
</data>

Our goal is to read this file and extract the name, ranking, year and GDP of each country.

import  as ET

# parse XML filestree = ('')
root = ()

# traverse all child elements under the root element (here is the <country> element)for country in ('country'):
    # Get the name attribute of the country    country_name = ('name')
    
    # Get the child elements of ranking, year, and GDP and extract their text content    rank = ('rank').text
    year = ('year').text
    gdpcap = ('gdpcap').text
    
    # Print extracted information    print(f"Country: {country_name}")
    print(f"  Rank: {rank}")
    print(f"  Year: {year}")
    print(f"  GDP per capita: {gdpcap}")
    print()

    # Iterate through neighbor elements and extract their names and orientation properties    for neighbor in ('neighbor'):
        neighbor_name = ('name')
        direction = ('direction')
        print(f"  Neighbor: {neighbor_name} (Direction: {direction})")
    print()  # Blank lines separate different countries

Code explanation

• Import module：

  import  as ET
  

  We importedmodule and rename it toETEasily use.

• Parse XML files：

  tree = ('')
  root = ()
  

  use()The function reads the XML file and returns aElementTreeObject. Then, we usegetroot()Method to get the root element of the XML document.

• Traversing the country elements：

  for country in ('country'):
  

  usefindall()Method to find all the root element<country>child elements and iterate over them.

• Extract national information：

  • useget()Method Getting<country>Elementalnameproperty.
  • usefind()Method search<rank>、<year>and<gdpcap>child elements and use.textProperties get their text content.

• Print country information：
  useprint()Function prints the extracted country information.

• Iterate through neighbor elements：

  for neighbor in ('neighbor'):
  

  In each<country>Inside the element, usefindall()Method to find all<neighbor>child elements and iterate over them.

• Extract neighbor information：

  • useget()Method Getting<neighbor>Elementalnameanddirectionproperty.

• Print neighbor information：
  useprint()Function prints the extracted neighbor information.

Through the above steps, we can successfully read the XML file and extract the required information.Modules provide a simple and powerful API that makes processing XML data relatively easy.

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