Two ways to deploy MySQL database using Docker

introduction

In modern software development, MySQL is a popular relational database management system, which is widely popular for its reliability and ease of use. Docker enables quick and easy deployment and management of MySQL DB instances. This article will introduce two ways to deploy MySQL through Docker: using the Docker CLI command and using Docker Compose.

Part 1: Deploy MySQL through Docker CLI commands

1. Install Docker

Make sure Docker is installed on your system. If not installed, please refer toDocker official documentationProcess installation.

2. Pull MySQL Image

First, use the following command to pull a MySQL 8.0 image from Docker Hub:

docker pull mysql:8.0

3. Start the MySQL container

Next, start the MySQL container with the following command:

docker run -d \
--name mysql-8.0 \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 \
-e MYSQL_DATABASE=my_database \
-e MYSQL_USER=run \
-e MYSQL_PASSWORD=123456 \
-p 3306:3306 \
-v mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql \
mysql:8.0 \
--character-set-server=utf8mb4 \
--collation-server=utf8mb4_bin \
--lower_case_table_names=1

Parameter description:

-d: Run containers in background mode.
--name mysql-8.0: Specify the container name asmysql-8.0。
-e: Set environment variables and configure MySQL's root password, default database name, user and its password.
-p 3306:3306: Map the host's port 3306 to the container's port 3306 for external access to the database.
-v mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql: Create a persistent volume, store the data in the container on the host, ensuring that the data is not lost.
Finally, character sets and collations are specified to optimize database support.

4. Verify the running status of MySQL

Run the following command to check if the container has been started successfully:

docker ps

If the container list appearsmysql-8.0, it indicates that the deployment is successful.

5. Enter the MySQL container

You can connect to a MySQL database using the following command:

docker exec -it mysql-8.0 mysql -uroot -p123456

Part 2: Deploy MySQL through Docker Compose

Docker Compose allows users to define aFiles, conveniently manage and start multiple services. Here are the steps to deploy MySQL through Docker Compose.

1. Create a file

In your working directory, create a name calledfile and enter the following content:

version: '3.8'
services:
  mysql:
    image: mysql:8.0
    container_name: mysql-8.0
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 123456
      MYSQL_DATABASE: my_database
      MYSQL_USER: run
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: 123456
    ports:
      - "3306:3306"
    volumes:
      - mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql
    command:
      - mysqld
      - --character-set-server=utf8mb4
      - --collation-server=utf8mb4_bin
      - --lower_case_table_names=1
    networks:
      - mysql-network

volumes:
  mysql-data:

networks:
  mysql-network:
    driver: bridge

2. File analysis line by line

version: '3.8'
Specify the version of the Docker Compose file,3.8Suitable for most users.
services:
Defines the service running in Docker.
mysql:
Specifies the name of the service, indicating the MySQL database service.
image: mysql:8.0
Using the MySQL 8.0 image, if there is no local image, Docker will automatically download it from Docker Hub.
container_name: mysql-8.0
Set the name of the container for easy management and identification.
environment:
Set MySQL environment variables:
- MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root user's password.
- MYSQL_DATABASE: The name of the database created during initialization.
- MYSQL_USERandMYSQL_PASSWORD: Create a new user and its password.
ports:
Map the host's port 3306 to the container's port 3306 for external access to the database.
volumes:
Put the host onmysql-dataThe volume mounted to the container/var/lib/mysqlDirectory to ensure the persistence of data.
command:
Specify command parameters at MySQL startup, set character sets and collation rules to optimize database support.
networks:
Define the network used by the container,mysql-networkAllows communication between containers.
volumes:
Create a name calledmysql-datavolume for data persistence.
networks:
Create a name calledmysql-networkThe bridge network facilitates the interconnection between containers.

3. Start MySQL Service

existIn the directory where the file is located, execute the following command to start the service:

docker-compose up -d

4. Verify service status

Use the following command to view the running container:

docker-compose ps

make suremysql-8.0The container is running.

5. Enter the MySQL container

Use the following command to access the MySQL database:

docker exec -it mysql-8.0 mysql -uroot -p123456

6. Stop and remove containers

To stop and delete the container, you can use the following command:

docker-compose down

Summarize

This article describes two ways to deploy MySQL databases in Docker: through Docker CLI commands and through Docker Compose files. Each approach has its own unique advantages, and you can choose the right approach based on project needs and personal preferences.

Attachment: Complete file content

version: '3.8'
services:
  mysql:
    image: mysql:8.0
    container_name: mysql-8.0
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 123456
      MYSQL_DATABASE: my_database
      MYSQL_USER: run
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: 123456
    ports:
      - "3306:3306"
    volumes:
      - mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql
    command:
      - mysqld
      - --character-set-server=utf8mb4
      - --collation-server=utf8mb4_bin
      - --lower_case_table_names=1
    networks:
      - mysql-network

volumes:
  mysql-data:

networks:
  mysql-network:
    driver: bridge

Through the above steps, you can quickly deploy MySQL databases in Docker, ensuring flexibility and consistency in your development environment.

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