SoFunction
Updated on 2025-03-09

Detailed summary of for and while loops in shell

1. For loop
1. Digital field form

Copy the codeThe code is as follows:

for i in {1..10}
do
   echo $i
done

2. List in detail (characters and few items)
Copy the codeThe code is as follows:

for File in 1 2 3 4 5
do
    echo $File
done

3. Loop on existing files
Copy the codeThe code is as follows:

for shname in `ls *.sh`
do
          name=`echo "$shname" | awk -F. '{print $1}'`          
          echo $name
done

4. Search loop (This method can also be used when the ls data volume is too large)
Copy the codeThe code is as follows:

for shname in `find . -type f -name "*.sh"`
do
          name=`echo "$shname" | awk -F/ '{print $2}'`         
          echo $name
done

5.((grammar loop--a bit like C syntax, but remember double brackets
Copy the codeThe code is as follows:

for((i=1;i<100;i++))
do
    if((i%3==0))
    then
        echo $i
        continue
    fi
done

Form Start from 1
Copy the codeThe code is as follows:

for i in `seq 100`
do
    if((i%3==0))
    then
        echo $i
        continue
    fi
done

2. While loop

Pay attention to square brackets[] and pay attention to spaces

Copy the codeThe code is as follows:

min=1
max=100
while [ $min -le $max ]
do
    echo $min
    min=`expr $min + 1`
done 

2. Double bracket form, the internal structure is a bit like the syntax of C. Pay attention to the assignment: i=$(($i+1))
Copy the codeThe code is as follows:

i=1
while(($i<100))
do
    if(($i%4==0))
    then
        echo $i
    fi
    i=$(($i+1))
done

3. Read from the configuration file and can control the number of processes
Copy the codeThe code is as follows:

MAX_RUN_NUM=8
cat cfg/res_card_partition.cfg |grep -v '^$'|grep -v "#" | grep -v grep |while read partition
do       
                nohup sh inv_res_card_process.sh $partition >log/resCard$ 2>&1 &              
                while [ 1 -eq 1 ]
                do
                                psNum=`ps -ef | grep "inv_res_card_process" | grep -v "grep" | wc -l`
                                if [ $psNum -ge $MAX_RUN_NUM ]
                                then
                                              sleep 5
                                else
                                              break
                                 fi                                       
                done               
done

3. Loop control statement
Copy the codeThe code is as follows:

The #break command does not execute the statement below break in the current loop body and exits from the current loop.
The # continue command is the following statement that the program ignores in the loop body and executes from the loop header.