Linux is a unique operating system born, grown up and matured in the network. In 1991, Finnish university student Linus Torvalds had the idea of developing a free UNIX operating system. Linux was born that year. In order to prevent this fledgling operating system from dying, Linus released his work Linux through the Internet. From then on, a large number of well-known and unknown computer hackers and programmers joined the development process, and Linux gradually grew up.
Linux initially requires that all source code must be exposed and no one can profit from Linux transactions. However, this purely free software ideal is not conducive to the popularization and development of Linux, so Linux began to turn to GPL and became a major member of the GNU camp.
Now, with its excellent design and extraordinary performance, coupled with the strong support of internationally renowned companies such as IBM, INTEL, CA, CORE, and ORACLE, Linux has gradually expanded its market share and has gradually become one of the mainstream operating systems.
2. What is free software?
Since 1984, MIT has begun to support the "world's last hacker" Richard stallman to launch a free software campaign in software development groups, thus creating the FSF, GPL protocol and GNU projects of the Free Software Foundation, opening the prologue of free software.
GPL, a general public license agreement, is opposite to the traditional commercial software license agreement CopyRight, so it is also nicknamed CopyLeft. GPL guarantees anyone the freedom to share and modify free software. Anyone has the right to obtain, modify and republish the source code of the free software and stipulate that the source code of the free software can be obtained without additional fees. It also stipulates that derivative works of free software must be GPL as its republished license agreement.
The goal of the GNU project is to establish a freely published and portable UNIX-class system.
3. Technically speaking, what are the advantages of Linux?
1) Provide advanced network support: built-in TCP/IP protocol;
2) Multi-tasking and multi-user system in the true sense;
3) Compatible with UNIX systems at the source code level and complies with IEEE POSIX standards;
4) The core can simulate FPU;
5) Support dozens of file system formats;
6) Runs completely in protected mode and makes full use of CPU performance;
7) Open source code, users can improve the system themselves;
8) Adopt advanced memory management mechanism to make more efficient use of physical memory;
4. Do I need to learn Linux?
Computer beginners: It is strongly recommended that you stay away from Linux, which has very cumbersome configuration and management, and embrace the easy-to-understand graphical interface of Windows;
Word processor: Windows has developed a set of "what you see is what you get" word processing software, which is not necessary to compete with vi on black background and white characters;
Programming enthusiasts: Linux's source code is completely public and is a blessing for programming enthusiasts. Isn’t it your wish to analyze the kernel? How about it, give it a try!
Network Administrator: Embrace Linux. According to the evaluation of authoritative organizations, the network service efficiency of Linux on the same configuration machine is 1.8 times that of NT, and it is free, so the boss will definitely laugh.
In short, if you meet one of the following conditions, embrace Linux:
1) I have a crazy love for programming and always like to use programs to solve problems;
2) Have a strong spirit of research and like to dig into the bottom of the problem;
3) People who are interested in constructing network servers;
4) Your PC is old and runs Windows like a snail;
5) Want to learn and understand UNIX system;
6) Extremely disliked Windows' blue screen of death;
7) People who don’t want to spend money and want to use genuine software.
Will it replace Windows 9x?
Computers can be divided into desktop applications (workstation/client) and server applications in applications. The desktop applications are directly targeted at customers and realize some personalized work; server applications are some backend processing systems that implement some common service work. For desktop applications, ease of use is very important, while for servers, reliable and stable performance are more important.
Therefore, the reliable and stable UNIX system designed for servers and the Windows 9x system designed for desktop systems have always been the mainstream system that has coexisted for a long time.
Linux system is a UNIX-like system. Its design considerations are much more stable than ease of use. It is not a desktop system, and it does not appear to replace the desktop system. So Linux will not replace Windows 9x.
Who is better than Windows NT?
Windows NT system is a powerful tool for Microsoft to enter the server system. When designing the system, it incorporates the advantages of Windows 9x's graphical interface while meeting server needs, making it easy to use and very popular among users, and its market share has also increased steadily.
However, the cost of graphical interface reduces the efficiency of the system, so it is suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises, individual users, and occasions where performance requirements are not strict.
Linux is suitable for applications that emphasize performance indicators and have little user interface requirements.
What's the difference from UNIX?
Linux is also a member of the UNIX family. It has many characteristics that are the same as UNIX. The biggest difference between them is the following two points:
1) Most UNIX systems are equipped with hardware, while Linux can run on a variety of hardware platforms;
2) UNIX is commercial software, while Linux is free software, free and public source code.
In what fields can it be applied?
1) Education field: The two major features of advanced design and open source code make Linux a living textbook for system courses;
2) Network server field: Stable, robust, low system requirements and strong network functions make Linux the first choice for Internet servers as systems, and now it has a market share of 25%.
3) Enterprise intranet: You can use low investment to set up E-MAIL servers, WWW servers, proxy servers, transparent gateways, and routers;
4) Video production field: The famous "Titanic" is a collaboration between more than 200 Linux devices to complete the special effects.
What is the current status and future development of the system?
At the LinuxWorld Conference in 2000, it was obvious that the support of all sectors of society for free-released operating systems has been greatly enhanced, especially many hardware manufacturers, such as IBM, HP and Dell, have joined the Linux field, greatly promoting the development of such operating systems.
Although, the many complex Linux distributions now have their own formations, which reduces the overall combat effectiveness of Linux. But the industry believes that different releases will eventually create a market that is constantly segmented, and each version will focus on handling more professional things.
After experiencing the baptism of the market, Linux system will definitely create greater glory.
What impact will it have on the software industry?
At first, programs were the crystallization of programmers' thoughts and were the common culture of mankind. Later, Mr. Bill Gates, the founder of Microsoft, created a brand new software industry model: programs are purchased for money, and source programs are the intellectual property rights of programmers and need to be protected. The business model of this software created the Microsoft empire and pushed Bill to the position of the world's richest man.
If Microsoft's Windows has made great contributions to the world, then it will also bring monopoly and stinking to the development of the software industry. The free software FSF organization wants to break this pattern through the GNU project and once again let everyone share the crystallization of programmer's ideas----source code.
The joining of Linux has made free software organizations more combat-effective, and it has proved that it has indeed had a profound impact on the current software industry. At the same time, Linux's unique development methods also provide valuable experience for innovation in the software industry.
11.How should I learn Linux?
1) Read more Linux books, such as "Linux Collection", "The Mysteries of RedHat Linux", "Linux System Management White Paper", etc.;
2) Dare to try, use Linux frequently, learn Linux from practice, and don’t be afraid of “try again”;
3) Frequently communicate with Linux enthusiasts through the Internet to improve themselves.
Linux initially requires that all source code must be exposed and no one can profit from Linux transactions. However, this purely free software ideal is not conducive to the popularization and development of Linux, so Linux began to turn to GPL and became a major member of the GNU camp.
Now, with its excellent design and extraordinary performance, coupled with the strong support of internationally renowned companies such as IBM, INTEL, CA, CORE, and ORACLE, Linux has gradually expanded its market share and has gradually become one of the mainstream operating systems.
2. What is free software?
Since 1984, MIT has begun to support the "world's last hacker" Richard stallman to launch a free software campaign in software development groups, thus creating the FSF, GPL protocol and GNU projects of the Free Software Foundation, opening the prologue of free software.
GPL, a general public license agreement, is opposite to the traditional commercial software license agreement CopyRight, so it is also nicknamed CopyLeft. GPL guarantees anyone the freedom to share and modify free software. Anyone has the right to obtain, modify and republish the source code of the free software and stipulate that the source code of the free software can be obtained without additional fees. It also stipulates that derivative works of free software must be GPL as its republished license agreement.
The goal of the GNU project is to establish a freely published and portable UNIX-class system.
3. Technically speaking, what are the advantages of Linux?
1) Provide advanced network support: built-in TCP/IP protocol;
2) Multi-tasking and multi-user system in the true sense;
3) Compatible with UNIX systems at the source code level and complies with IEEE POSIX standards;
4) The core can simulate FPU;
5) Support dozens of file system formats;
6) Runs completely in protected mode and makes full use of CPU performance;
7) Open source code, users can improve the system themselves;
8) Adopt advanced memory management mechanism to make more efficient use of physical memory;
4. Do I need to learn Linux?
Computer beginners: It is strongly recommended that you stay away from Linux, which has very cumbersome configuration and management, and embrace the easy-to-understand graphical interface of Windows;
Word processor: Windows has developed a set of "what you see is what you get" word processing software, which is not necessary to compete with vi on black background and white characters;
Programming enthusiasts: Linux's source code is completely public and is a blessing for programming enthusiasts. Isn’t it your wish to analyze the kernel? How about it, give it a try!
Network Administrator: Embrace Linux. According to the evaluation of authoritative organizations, the network service efficiency of Linux on the same configuration machine is 1.8 times that of NT, and it is free, so the boss will definitely laugh.
In short, if you meet one of the following conditions, embrace Linux:
1) I have a crazy love for programming and always like to use programs to solve problems;
2) Have a strong spirit of research and like to dig into the bottom of the problem;
3) People who are interested in constructing network servers;
4) Your PC is old and runs Windows like a snail;
5) Want to learn and understand UNIX system;
6) Extremely disliked Windows' blue screen of death;
7) People who don’t want to spend money and want to use genuine software.
Will it replace Windows 9x?
Computers can be divided into desktop applications (workstation/client) and server applications in applications. The desktop applications are directly targeted at customers and realize some personalized work; server applications are some backend processing systems that implement some common service work. For desktop applications, ease of use is very important, while for servers, reliable and stable performance are more important.
Therefore, the reliable and stable UNIX system designed for servers and the Windows 9x system designed for desktop systems have always been the mainstream system that has coexisted for a long time.
Linux system is a UNIX-like system. Its design considerations are much more stable than ease of use. It is not a desktop system, and it does not appear to replace the desktop system. So Linux will not replace Windows 9x.
Who is better than Windows NT?
Windows NT system is a powerful tool for Microsoft to enter the server system. When designing the system, it incorporates the advantages of Windows 9x's graphical interface while meeting server needs, making it easy to use and very popular among users, and its market share has also increased steadily.
However, the cost of graphical interface reduces the efficiency of the system, so it is suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises, individual users, and occasions where performance requirements are not strict.
Linux is suitable for applications that emphasize performance indicators and have little user interface requirements.
What's the difference from UNIX?
Linux is also a member of the UNIX family. It has many characteristics that are the same as UNIX. The biggest difference between them is the following two points:
1) Most UNIX systems are equipped with hardware, while Linux can run on a variety of hardware platforms;
2) UNIX is commercial software, while Linux is free software, free and public source code.
In what fields can it be applied?
1) Education field: The two major features of advanced design and open source code make Linux a living textbook for system courses;
2) Network server field: Stable, robust, low system requirements and strong network functions make Linux the first choice for Internet servers as systems, and now it has a market share of 25%.
3) Enterprise intranet: You can use low investment to set up E-MAIL servers, WWW servers, proxy servers, transparent gateways, and routers;
4) Video production field: The famous "Titanic" is a collaboration between more than 200 Linux devices to complete the special effects.
What is the current status and future development of the system?
At the LinuxWorld Conference in 2000, it was obvious that the support of all sectors of society for free-released operating systems has been greatly enhanced, especially many hardware manufacturers, such as IBM, HP and Dell, have joined the Linux field, greatly promoting the development of such operating systems.
Although, the many complex Linux distributions now have their own formations, which reduces the overall combat effectiveness of Linux. But the industry believes that different releases will eventually create a market that is constantly segmented, and each version will focus on handling more professional things.
After experiencing the baptism of the market, Linux system will definitely create greater glory.
What impact will it have on the software industry?
At first, programs were the crystallization of programmers' thoughts and were the common culture of mankind. Later, Mr. Bill Gates, the founder of Microsoft, created a brand new software industry model: programs are purchased for money, and source programs are the intellectual property rights of programmers and need to be protected. The business model of this software created the Microsoft empire and pushed Bill to the position of the world's richest man.
If Microsoft's Windows has made great contributions to the world, then it will also bring monopoly and stinking to the development of the software industry. The free software FSF organization wants to break this pattern through the GNU project and once again let everyone share the crystallization of programmer's ideas----source code.
The joining of Linux has made free software organizations more combat-effective, and it has proved that it has indeed had a profound impact on the current software industry. At the same time, Linux's unique development methods also provide valuable experience for innovation in the software industry.
11.How should I learn Linux?
1) Read more Linux books, such as "Linux Collection", "The Mysteries of RedHat Linux", "Linux System Management White Paper", etc.;
2) Dare to try, use Linux frequently, learn Linux from practice, and don’t be afraid of “try again”;
3) Frequently communicate with Linux enthusiasts through the Internet to improve themselves.