Summarize the storage method of data in iOS application development with code examples

// 
//   
//  Persistence1 
// 
//  Created by liu lavy on 11-10-3. 
//  Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved. 
// 
 
#import <UIKit/> 
#define kFilename @"" 
 
@interface Persistence1ViewController : UIViewController { 
    UITextField *filed1; 
    UITextField *field2; 
    UITextField *field3; 
    UITextField *field4; 
} 
@property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field1; 
@property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field2; 
@property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field3; 
@property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field4; 
 
- (NSString *)dataFilePath; 
- (void)applicationWillResignActive:(NSNotification *)notification; 
 
@end 

// 
//   
//  Persistence1 
// 
//  Created by liu lavy on 11-10-3. 
//  Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved. 
// 
 
#import "" 
 
@implementation Persistence1ViewController 
@synthesize field1; 
@synthesize field2; 
@synthesize field3; 
@synthesize field4; 
 
//The complete path of the data file
- (NSString *)dataFilePath { 
//Retrieve the Documents directory path. The second parameter indicates that search is restricted to our application sandbox
    NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES); 
//Each application has only one Documents directory
    NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0]; 
//Create file name
    return [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:kFilename]; 
} 
 
// When the application exits, save the data to the attribute list file.
- (void)applicationWillResignActive:(NSNotification *)notification { 
    NSMutableArray *array = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; 
    [array addObject: ]; 
    [array addObject: ]; 
    [array addObject: ]; 
    [array addObject: ]; 
    [array writeToFile:[self dataFilePath] atomically:YES]; 
    [array release]; 
} 
 
/*
// The designated initializer. Override to perform setup that is required before the view is loaded.
- (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil {
    self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil];
    if (self) {
        // Custom initialization
    }
    return self;
}
*/ 
 
/*
// Implement loadView to create a view hierarchy programmatically, without using a nib.
- (void)loadView {
}
*/ 
 
 
 
// Implement viewDidLoad to do additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib. 
- (void)viewDidLoad { 
    [super viewDidLoad]; 
    NSString *filePath = [self dataFilePath]; 
//Check whether the data file exists
    if([[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:filePath]) { 
        NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:filePath]; 
        = [array objectAtIndex:0]; 
        = [array objectAtIndex:1]; 
        = [array objectAtIndex:2]; 
        = [array objectAtIndex:3]; 
        [array release]; 
    } 
    UIApplication *app = [UIApplication sharedApplication]; 
    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self 
                                            selector:@selector(applicationWillResignActive:) 
                                            name:UIApplicationWillResignActiveNotification 
                                            object:app]; 
    [super viewDidLoad]; 
} 
 
 
/*
// Override to allow orientations other than the default portrait orientation.
- (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation {
    // Return YES for supported orientations
    return (interfaceOrientation == UIInterfaceOrientationPortrait);
}
*/ 
 
- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning { 
    // Releases the view if it doesn't have a superview. 
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; 
     
    // Release any cached data, images, etc that aren't in use. 
} 
 
- (void)viewDidUnload { 
    self.field1 = nil; 
    self.field2 = nil; 
    self.field3 = nil; 
    self.field4 = nil; 
    [super viewDidUnload]; 
} 
 
 
- (void)dealloc { 
    [field1 release]; 
    [field2 release]; 
    [field3 release]; 
    [field4 release]; 
    [super dealloc]; 
} 
 
@end 

// 
//   
//  Persistence2 
// 
//  Created by liu lavy on 11-10-3. 
//  Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved. 
// 
 
#import <Foundation/> 
 
@interface Fourlines : NSObject <NSCoding, NSCopying> { 
    NSString *field1; 
    NSString *field2; 
    NSString *field3; 
    NSString *field4; 
} 
@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *field1; 
@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *field2; 
@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *field3; 
@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *field4; 
 

@end 

// 
//   
//  Persistence2 
// 
//  Created by liu lavy on 11-10-3. 
//  Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved. 
// 
 
#import "" 
 
#define kField1Key @"Field1" 
#define kField2Key @"Field2" 
#define kField3Key @"Field3" 
#define kField4Key @"Field4" 
 
@implementation Fourlines 
@synthesize field1; 
@synthesize field2; 
@synthesize field3; 
@synthesize field4; 
 
#pragma mark NSCoding 
- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder { 
    [aCoder encodeObject:field1 forKey:kField1Key]; 
    [aCoder encodeObject:field2 forKey:kField2Key]; 
    [aCoder encodeObject:field3 forKey:kField3Key]; 
    [aCoder encodeObject:field4 forKey:kField4Key]; 
} 
 
-(id) initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder { 
    if(self = [super init]) { 
        field1 = [[aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kField1Key] retain]; 
        field2 = [[aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kField2Key] retain]; 
        field3 = [[aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kField3Key] retain]; 
        field4 = [[aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kField4Key] retain]; 
    } 
    return self; 
} 
 
#pragma mark - 
#pragma mark NSCopying 
- (id) copyWithZone:(NSZone *)zone { 
    Fourlines *copy = [[[self class] allocWithZone: zone] init]; 
    copy.field1 = [[self.field1 copyWithZone: zone] autorelease]; 
    copy.field2 = [[self.field2 copyWithZone: zone] autorelease]; 
    copy.field3 = [[self.field3 copyWithZone: zone] autorelease]; 
    copy.field4 = [[self.field4 copyWithZone: zone] autorelease]; 
    return copy; 
} 
@end 

// 
//   
//  Persistence2 
// 
//  Created by liu lavy on 11-10-3. 
//  Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved. 
// 
 
#import <UIKit/> 
#define kFilename @"archive" 
#define kDataKey @"Data" 
 
@interface Persistence2ViewController : UIViewController { 
    UITextField *filed1; 
    UITextField *field2; 
    UITextField *field3; 
    UITextField *field4; 
} 
@property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field1; 
@property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field2; 
@property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field3; 
@property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field4; 
 
- (NSString *)dataFilePath; 
- (void)applicationWillResignActive:(NSNotification *)notification; 
 
@end 

// 
//   
//  Persistence2 
// 
//  Created by liu lavy on 11-10-3. 
//  Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved. 
// 
 
#import "" 
#import "" 
 
@implementation Persistence2ViewController 
@synthesize field1; 
@synthesize field2; 
@synthesize field3; 
@synthesize field4; 
 
//The complete path of the data file
- (NSString *)dataFilePath { 
//Retrieve the Documents directory path. The second parameter indicates that search is restricted to our application sandbox
    NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES); 
//Each application has only one Documents directory
    NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0]; 
//Create file name
    return [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:kFilename]; 
} 
 
// When the application exits, save the data to the attribute list file.
- (void)applicationWillResignActive:(NSNotification *)notification { 
    Fourlines *fourlines = [[Fourlines alloc] init]; 
    fourlines.field1 = ; 
    fourlines.field2 = ; 
    fourlines.field3 = ; 
    fourlines.field4 = ; 
     
NSMutableData *data = [[NSMutableData alloc] init];// Used to store encoded data
    NSKeyedArchiver *archiver = [[NSKeyedArchiver alloc] initForWritingWithMutableData:data]; 
     
    [archiver encodeObject:fourlines forKey:kDataKey]; 
    [archiver finishEncoding]; 
    [data writeToFile:[self dataFilePath] atomically:YES]; 
     
    [fourlines release]; 
    [archiver release]; 
    [data release]; 
} 
 
/*
 // The designated initializer. Override to perform setup that is required before the view is loaded.
 - (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil {
 self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil];
 if (self) {
 // Custom initialization
 }
 return self;
 }
 */ 
 
/*
 // Implement loadView to create a view hierarchy programmatically, without using a nib.
 - (void)loadView {
 }
 */ 
 
 
 
// Implement viewDidLoad to do additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib. 
- (void)viewDidLoad { 
    [super viewDidLoad]; 
    NSString *filePath = [self dataFilePath]; 
//Check whether the data file exists
    if([[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:filePath]) { 
         
//Get data for decoding from the file
        NSData *data = [[NSMutableData alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:[self dataFilePath]]; 
        NSKeyedUnarchiver *unarchiver = [[NSKeyedUnarchiver alloc] initForReadingWithData:data]; 
         
        Fourlines *fourlines = [unarchiver decodeObjectForKey:kDataKey]; 
        [unarchiver finishDecoding]; 
         
        = fourlines.field1; 
        = fourlines.field2; 
        = fourlines.field3; 
        = fourlines.field4; 
         
        [unarchiver release]; 
        [data release]; 
    } 
    UIApplication *app = [UIApplication sharedApplication]; 
    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self 
                                             selector:@selector(applicationWillResignActive:) 
                                             name:UIApplicationWillResignActiveNotification 
                                             object:app]; 
    [super viewDidLoad]; 
} 
 
 
/*
 // Override to allow orientations other than the default portrait orientation.
 - (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation {
 // Return YES for supported orientations
 return (interfaceOrientation == UIInterfaceOrientationPortrait);
 }
 */ 
 
- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning { 
    // Releases the view if it doesn't have a superview. 
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; 
     
    // Release any cached data, images, etc that aren't in use. 
} 
 
- (void)viewDidUnload { 
    self.field1 = nil; 
    self.field2 = nil; 
    self.field3 = nil; 
    self.field4 = nil; 
    [super viewDidUnload]; 
} 
 
 
- (void)dealloc { 
    [field1 release]; 
    [field2 release]; 
    [field3 release]; 
    [field4 release]; 
    [super dealloc]; 
} 
@end 

// 
//   
//  Persistence3 
// 
//  Created by liu lavy on 11-10-3. 
//  Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved. 
// 
 
#import <UIKit/> 
#define kFilename @"data.sqlite3" 
 
@interface Persistence3ViewController : UIViewController { 
    UITextField *filed1; 
    UITextField *field2; 
    UITextField *field3; 
    UITextField *field4; 
} 
@property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field1; 
@property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field2; 
@property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field3; 
@property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field4; 
 
- (NSString *)dataFilePath; 
- (void)applicationWillResignActive:(NSNotification *)notification; 
@end 

// 
//   
//  Persistence3 
// 
//  Created by liu lavy on 11-10-3. 
//  Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved. 
// 
 
#import "" 
#import <> 
 
@implementation Persistence3ViewController 
@synthesize field1; 
@synthesize field2; 
@synthesize field3; 
@synthesize field4; 
 
//The complete path of the data file
- (NSString *)dataFilePath { 
//Retrieve the Documents directory path. The second parameter indicates that search is restricted to our application sandbox
    NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES); 
//Each application has only one Documents directory
    NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0]; 
//Create file name
    return [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:kFilename]; 
} 
 
// When the application exits, save the data to the attribute list file.
- (void)applicationWillResignActive:(NSNotification *)notification { 
    sqlite3 *database; 
    if(sqlite3_open([[self dataFilePath] UTF8String], &database) != SQLITE_OK) { 
        sqlite3_close(database); 
        NSAssert(0, @"Failed to open database"); 
    } 
     
    for(int i = 1; i <= 4; i++) { 
        NSString *fieldname = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"field%d", i]; 
        UITextField *field = [self valueForKey:fieldname]; 
        [fieldname release]; 
         
        char *update = "INSERT OR REPLACE INTO FIELDS (ROW, FIELD_DATA) VALUES (?, ?);"; 
        sqlite3_stmt *stmt; 
//Compile the SQL statement into a structure (sqlite3_stmt) inside sqlite, similar to PreparedStatement precompilation of java JDBC
        if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(database, update, -1, &stmt, nil) == SQLITE_OK) { 
//When binding parameter, the index of the parameter list starts from 1, and when taking out data, the index of the column starts from 0.
            sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 1, i); 
            sqlite3_bind_text(stmt, 2, [ UTF8String], -1, NULL); 
        } else { 
            NSAssert(0, @"Error:Failed to prepare statemen"); 
        } 
//Execute SQL text to get the results
        int result = sqlite3_step(stmt); 
        if(result != SQLITE_DONE) { 
            NSAssert1(0, @"Error updating table: %d", result); 
        } 
//Release the memory occupied by stmt (allocated by sqlite3_prepare_v2())
        sqlite3_finalize(stmt); 
    } 
    sqlite3_close(database); 
} 
 
/*
 // The designated initializer. Override to perform setup that is required before the view is loaded.
 - (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil {
 self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil];
 if (self) {
 // Custom initialization
 }
 return self;
 }
 */ 
 
/*
 // Implement loadView to create a view hierarchy programmatically, without using a nib.
 - (void)loadView {
 }
 */ 
 
 
 
// Implement viewDidLoad to do additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib. 
- (void)viewDidLoad { 
    [super viewDidLoad]; 
    NSString *filePath = [self dataFilePath]; 
//Check whether the data file exists
    if([[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:filePath]) { 
//Open the database
        sqlite3 *database; 
        if(sqlite3_open([filePath UTF8String], &database) != SQLITE_OK) { 
            sqlite3_close(database); 
            NSAssert(0, @"Failed to open database"); 
        } 
         
//Create table
        char *errorMsg; 
        NSString *createSQL =  
            @"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS FIELDS (ROW INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, FIELD_DATA TEXT);"; 
        if(sqlite3_exec(database, [createSQL UTF8String], NULL, NULL, &errorMsg) != SQLITE_OK) { 
            sqlite3_close(database); 
            NSAssert(0, @"Error creating table: %s", errorMsg); 
        } 
 
//Query
        NSString *query = @"SELECT ROW, FIELD_DATA FROM FIELDS ORDER BY ROW"; 
        sqlite3_stmt *statement; 
//Set nByte to speed up operation
        if(sqlite3_prepare_v2(database, [query UTF8String], -1, &statement, nil) == SQLITE_OK) { 
while (sqlite3_step(statement) == SQLITE_ROW) {//Return each line
                int row = sqlite3_column_int(statement, 0); 
                char *rowData = (char *)sqlite3_column_text(statement, 1); 
                 
                NSString *fieldName = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"field%d", row]; 
                NSString *fieldValue = [[NSString alloc] initWithUTF8String:rowData]; 
                 
                UITextField *field = [self valueForKey:fieldName]; 
                = fieldValue; 
                 
                [fieldName release]; 
                [fieldValue release]; 
            } 
//Release the memory occupied by the statement (allocated by sqlite3_prepare())
            sqlite3_finalize(statement); 
        } 
        sqlite3_close(database); 
    } 
     
     
    UIApplication *app = [UIApplication sharedApplication]; 
    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self 
                                             selector:@selector(applicationWillResignActive:) 
                                                 name:UIApplicationWillResignActiveNotification 
                                               object:app]; 
    [super viewDidLoad]; 
} 
 
 
/*
 // Override to allow orientations other than the default portrait orientation.
 - (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation {
 // Return YES for supported orientations
 return (interfaceOrientation == UIInterfaceOrientationPortrait);
 }
 */ 
 
- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning { 
    // Releases the view if it doesn't have a superview. 
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; 
     
    // Release any cached data, images, etc that aren't in use. 
} 
 
- (void)viewDidUnload { 
    self.field1 = nil; 
    self.field2 = nil; 
    self.field3 = nil; 
    self.field4 = nil; 
    [super viewDidUnload]; 
} 
 
 
- (void)dealloc { 
    [field1 release]; 
    [field2 release]; 
    [field3 release]; 
    [field4 release]; 
    [super dealloc]; 
} 
 
@end 

// 
//   
//  Persistence4 
// 
//  Created by liu lavy on 11-10-3. 
//  Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved. 
// 
 
#import <UIKit/> 
 
 
@interface PersistenceViewController : UIViewController { 
    UITextField *filed1; 
    UITextField *field2; 
    UITextField *field3; 
    UITextField *field4; 
} 
@property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field1; 
@property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field2; 
@property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field3; 
@property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field4; 
 
@end 

// 
//   
//  Persistence4 
// 
//  Created by liu lavy on 11-10-3. 
//  Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved. 
// 
 
#import "" 
#import "" 
 
@implementation PersistenceViewController 
@synthesize field1; 
@synthesize field2; 
@synthesize field3; 
@synthesize field4; 
 
 
-(void) applicationWillResignActive:(NSNotification *)notification { 
    Persistence4AppDelegate *appDelegate = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] delegate]; 
    NSManagedObjectContext *context = [appDelegate managedObjectContext]; 
    NSError *error; 
    for(int i = 1; i <= 4; i++) { 
        NSString *fieldName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"field%d", i]; 
        UITextField *theField = [self valueForKey:fieldName]; 
         
//Create a fetch request
        NSFetchRequest *request = [[NSFetchRequest alloc] init]; 
//Create entity description and associate it to the request
        NSEntityDescription *entityDescription = [NSEntityDescription entityForName:@"Line" 
                                                             inManagedObjectContext:context]; 
        [request setEntity:entityDescription]; 
         
//Set the conditions for retrieving data
        NSPredicate *pred = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"(lineNum = %d)", i]; 
        [request setPredicate:pred]; 
         
        NSManagedObject *theLine = nil; 
//// Check whether a standard matching object is returned, if there is, load it, and if there is no, create a new managed object to save the text of this field.
        NSArray *objects = [context executeFetchRequest:request error:&error]; 
        if(!objects) { 
            NSLog(@"There was an error"); 
        } 
        //if( > 0) { 
        //  theLine = [objects objectAtIndex:0]; 
        //} else { 
//Create a new managed object to save the text of this field
            theLine = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Line" 
                                                    inManagedObjectContext:context]; 
            [theLine setValue:[NSNumber numberWithInt:i] forKey:@"lineNum"]; 
            [theLine setValue: forKey:@"lineText"]; 
        //} 
        [request release]; 
    } 
//Notify context save changes
    [context save:&error]; 
     
} 
 
// The designated initializer.  Override if you create the controller programmatically and want to perform customization that is not appropriate for viewDidLoad. 
/*
- (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil {
    self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil];
    if (self) {
        // Custom initialization.
    }
    return self;
}
*/ 
 
 
// Implement viewDidLoad to do additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib. 
- (void)viewDidLoad { 
    Persistence4AppDelegate *appDelegate = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] delegate]; 
     
    NSManagedObjectContext *context = [appDelegate managedObjectContext]; 
//Create an entity description
    NSEntityDescription *entityDescription = [NSEntityDescription entityForName:@"Line" inManagedObjectContext:context]; 
//Create a request to extract the object
    NSFetchRequest *request = [[NSFetchRequest alloc] init]; 
    [request setEntity:entityDescription]; 
     
//Retrieve the object
    NSError *error; 
    NSArray *objects = [context executeFetchRequest:request error:&error]; 
    if(!objects) { 
        NSLog(@"There was an error!"); 
    } 
    for(NSManagedObject *obj in objects) { 
        NSNumber *lineNum = [obj valueForKey:@"lineNum"]; 
        NSString *lineText = [obj valueForKey:@"lineText"]; 
        NSString *fieldName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"field%d", [lineNum integerValue]]; 
        UITextField *textField = [self valueForKey:fieldName]; 
        = lineText; 
    } 
    [request release]; 
     
    UIApplication *app = [UIApplication sharedApplication]; 
    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self  
                                             selector:@selector(applicationWillResignActive:)  
                                                 name:UIApplicationWillResignActiveNotification 
                                               object:app]; 
    [super viewDidLoad]; 
} 
 
/*
// Override to allow orientations other than the default portrait orientation.
- (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation {
    // Return YES for supported orientations.
    return (interfaceOrientation == UIInterfaceOrientationPortrait);
}
*/ 
 
- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning { 
    // Releases the view if it doesn't have a superview. 
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; 
     
    // Release any cached data, images, etc. that aren't in use. 
} 
 
- (void)viewDidUnload { 
    self.field1 = nil; 
    self.field2 = nil; 
    self.field3 = nil; 
    self.field4 = nil; 
    [super viewDidUnload]; 
} 
 
 
- (void)dealloc { 
    [field1 release]; 
    [field2 release]; 
    [field3 release]; 
    [field4 release]; 
    [super dealloc]; 
} 
 
 
 
@end 

NSUserDefaults *defaults = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];