SoFunction
Updated on 2025-04-08

SQL Command Collection - Chinese and English comparison page 3/3


QUOTENAME() -- The function returns a string enclosed by a specific character
/*select quotename('abc', '{') quotename('abc')
The operation results are as follows
----------------------------------{
{abc} [abc]*/

REPLICATE() -- The function returns a string with the specified number of times
/*select replicate('abc', 3) replicate( 'abc', -2)
The operation results are as follows
----------- -----------
abcabcabc NULL*/

REVERSE() -- The function reverses the character arrangement order of the specified string
REPLACE() -- The function returns a string that has been replaced with the specified substring
/*select replace('abc123g', '123', 'def')
The operation results are as follows
----------- -----------
abcdefg*/

SPACE() -- The function returns a blank string of the specified length
STUFF() -- The function replaces the substring of the specified position length with another substring


---Data type conversion function ----
The CAST() function syntax is as follows
CAST() (<expression> AS <data_ type>[ length ])
The CONVERT() function syntax is as follows
CONVERT() (<data_ type>[ length ], <expression> [, style])

select cast(100+99 as char) convert(varchar(12), getdate())
The operation results are as follows
------------------------------ ------------
199 Jan 15 2000

---Date function ---
DAY() -- function returns the date value in date_expression
MONTH() -- function returns the month value in date_expression
YEAR() -- function returns the year value in date_expression
DATEADD(<datepart> ,<number> ,<date>) 
--The function returns the new date generated by the specified date and the specified additional date interval number
DATEDIFF(<datepart> ,<number> ,<date>)
--The function returns the differences between two specified dates in datepart
DATENAME(<datepart> , <date>) --The function returns the specified part of the date as a string
DATEPART(<datepart> , <date>) --The function returns the specified part of the date as an integer value
GETDATE()--The function returns the current date and time of the system in the default format of DATETIME

---System functions ---
APP_NAME() -- The function returns the name of the currently executed application
COALESCE() -- The function returns the value of the first non-NULL expression among many expressions
COL_LENGTH(<'table_name'>, <'column_name'>) --function returns the length value of the specified field in the table
COL_NAME(<table_id>, <column_id>) --The function returns the name of the specified field in the table, i.e. the column name
DATALENGTH() -- The function returns the actual length of the data of the data expression
DB_ID(['database_name']) -- The function returns the database number
DB_NAME(database_id) -- The function returns the name of the database
HOST_ID() -- The function returns the name of the server computer
HOST_NAME() -- The function returns the name of the server computer
IDENTITY(<data_type>[, seed increment]) [AS column_name])
--IDENTITY() function is only used in the SELECT INTO statement to insert an identity column into the new table
/*select identity(int, 1, 1) as column_name
into newtable
from oldtable*/
ISDATE()--function determines whether the given expression is a reasonable date
ISNULL(<check_expression>, <replacement_value>) --The function replaces the NULL value in the expression with the specified value
ISNUMERIC() --- The function determines whether the given expression is a reasonable numerical value
NEWID() -- The function returns a value of type UNIQUEIDENTIFIER
NULLIF(<expression1>, <expression2>)
--NULLIF function returns NULL when expression1 and expression2 are equal. If the value is not equal, it returns the value of expression1.



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Reserved words in sql

action add aggregate all 
alter after and as 
asc avg avg_row_length auto_increment 
between bigint bit binary 
blob bool both by 
cascade case char character 
change check checksum column 
columns comment constraint create 
cross current_date current_time current_timestamp 
data database databases date 
datetime day day_hour day_minute 
day_second dayofmonth dayofweek dayofyear 
dec decimal default delayed 
delay_key_write delete desc describe 
distinct distinctrow double drop 
end else escape escaped 
enclosed enum explain exists 
fields file first float 
float4 float8 flush foreign 
from for full function 
global grant grants group 
having heap high_priority hour 
hour_minute hour_second hosts identified 
ignore in index infile 
inner insert insert_id int 
integer interval int1 int2 
int3 int4 int8 into 
if is isam join 
key keys kill last_insert_id 
leading left length like 
lines limit load local 
lock logs long longblob 
longtext low_priority max max_rows 
match mediumblob mediumtext mediumint 
middleint min_rows minute minute_second 
modify month monthname myisam 
natural numeric no not 
null on optimize option 
optionally or order outer 
outfile pack_keys partial password 
precision primary procedure process 
processlist privileges read real 
references reload regexp rename 
replace restrict returns revoke 
rlike row rows second 
select set show shutdown 
smallint soname sql_big_tables sql_big_selects 
sql_low_priority_updates sql_log_off sql_log_update sql_select_limit 
sql_small_result sql_big_result sql_warnings straight_join 
starting status string table 
tables temporary terminated text 
then time timestamp tinyblob 
tinytext tinyint trailing to 
type use using unique 
unlock unsigned update usage 
values varchar variables varying 
varbinary with write when 
where year year_month zerofill  







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