SoFunction
Updated on 2025-04-08

Detailed explanation of how to batch insert data into SQLserver in C#

Method 1: Insert one by one, the performance is the worst, it is not recommended to use it

INSERT INTO Test(Id, Name) VALUES(newid(), '1');
INSERT INTO Test(Id, Name) VALUES(newid(), '2');

C# method

static void InsertOne()
{
    ("Implemented by inserting one by one");
    Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();

    using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(StrConnMsg)) //Using will automatically connect Open and Close.    {
        string sql = "INSERT INTO Test(Id,Name) VALUES(newid(),@p)";
                ();
        for (int i = 0; i < totalRow; i++)
        {
            using (SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, conn))
            {
                ("@p", i);
                ();
                ();
                (("Insert a record,Time consuming{0}millisecond", ));
            }
            if (i == getRow)
            {
                ();
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    (("insert{0}Record,Every{4}条的insert时间是{1}millisecond,预估总得insert时间是{2}millisecond,{3}minute", totalRow, , (( / getRow) * totalRow), GetMinute(( / getRow * totalRow)), getRow));
}

static int GetMinute(long l)
{
    return (Int32)l / 60000;
} 

in conclusion

It is estimated that 50 minutes to insert 100w records, and each record is about 3 milliseconds.

Method 2: Splicing SQL

INSERT INTO Test(Id, Name) VALUES(newid(), '1'),(newid(), '2')

C# method

static void InsertFour()
{
    ("Implemented by splicing batch SQL insertion");
    Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();

    using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(StrConnMsg)) //Using will automatically connect Open and Close.    {
        ();
        ();
        for (int j = 0; j < totalRow / getRow;j++ )
        {
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            ("INSERT INTO Product(Id,Name,Price) VALUES");
            using (SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand())
            {
                       
                for (int i = 0; i < getRow; i++)
                {
                    ("(newid(),'{0}'),", i);
                }
                 = conn;
                 = ().TrimEnd(',');
                ();
            }
        }
        ();
        (("insert{0}Record,Time spent in total{1}millisecond",totalRow,));
    }
}

in conclusion

Insert 100w records, it is expected to take 10 minutes.

Method 3: Use Bulk

BULK INSERT    
   [ database_name . [ schema_name ] . | schema_name . ] [ table_name | view_name ] 
      FROM 'data_file'    
     [ WITH    
        (    
   [ [ , ] BATCHSIZE = batch_size ]    --BATCHSIZEDirective to set the number of records that can be inserted into a table in a single transaction   
   [ [ , ] CHECK_CONSTRAINTS ]     --Specifies during a large-capacity import operation,All constraints on the target table or view must be checked。If not CHECK_CONSTRAINTS Options,Then all CHECK and FOREIGN KEY All constraints will be ignored,And after this operation the constraints of the table will be marked as untrusted。   
   [ [ , ] CODEPAGE = { 'ACP' | 'OEM' | 'RAW' | 'code_page' } ]  --Specify the code page for the data in this data file   
   [ [ , ] DATAFILETYPE =    
      { 'char' | 'native'| 'widechar' | 'widenative' } ]  --Specify BULK INSERT 使用Specify的数据文件类型值执行导入操作。   
   [ [ , ] FIELDTERMINATOR = 'field_terminator' ]  --Symbols that identify contents   
   [ [ , ] FIRSTROW = first_row ]    --Specify要加载的第一行的行号。默认值是Specify数据文件中的第一行   
   [ [ , ] FIRE_TRIGGERS ]     --Whether to start the trigger   
   [ [ , ] FORMATFILE = 'format_file_path' ]    
   [ [ , ] KEEPIDENTITY ]   --Specify导入数据文件中的标识值用于标识列   
   [ [ , ] KEEPNULLS ]    --Specifies during a large-capacity import operation空列应保留一个空值,Without inserting any default value for the column   
   [ [ , ] KILOBYTES_PER_BATCH = kilobytes_per_batch ]    
   [ [ , ] LASTROW = last_row ]   --Specify要加载的最后一行的行号   
   [ [ , ] MAXERRORS = max_errors ]   --Specify允许在数据中出现的最多语法错误数,After exceeding this number, the large-capacity import operation will be cancelled.。   
   [ [ , ] ORDER ( { column [ ASC | DESC ] } [ ,...n ] ) ]  --Specify数据文件中的数据如何排序   
   [ [ , ] ROWS_PER_BATCH = rows_per_batch ]    
   [ [ , ] ROWTERMINATOR = 'row_terminator' ]   --Symbols identifying separate lines   
   [ [ , ] TABLOCK ]     --Specify为大容量导入操作持续时间获取一个表级锁   
   [ [ , ] ERRORFILE = 'file_name' ]   --Specify用于收集格式有误且不能转换为 OLE DB Line files of row set。   
        )]

C# method

static void InsertTwo()
{
    ("How to implement using Bulk insertion");
    Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
    DataTable dt = GetTableSchema(); 

    using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(StrConnMsg))
    {
        SqlBulkCopy bulkCopy = new SqlBulkCopy(conn);
         = "Product";
         = ;
        ();
        ();
        
        for (int i = 0; i < totalRow;i++ )
        {
            DataRow dr = ();
            dr[0] = ();
            dr[1] = ("commodity", i);
            dr[2] = (decimal)i;
            (dr);
        }
        if (dt != null &&  != 0)
        {
            (dt);
            ();
        }
        (("insert{0}A total of records spent{1}millisecond,{2}minute", totalRow, , GetMinute()));
    }
}

static DataTable GetTableSchema()
{
    DataTable dt = new DataTable();
    (new DataColumn[] {   
        new DataColumn("Id",typeof(Guid)),  
        new DataColumn("Name",typeof(string))
    });
    return dt;
}

in conclusion

Insert 100w records, it is expected to take more than 8 seconds.

Method 4: Use TVPs to insert data

Create a cache table

--Create Table Valued  
CREATE TYPE TestTemp AS TABLE  
  (Id int,  
   Name nvarchar(32))

c# method

static void TbaleValuedToDB(DataTable dt)
{
    Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
    SqlConnection sqlconn = new SqlConnection("server=.;database=TestDB;user=sa;password=123456;");
    const string TSqlStatement =
        "insert into Test (Id,Name)" +
        " SELECT , " +
        " FROM @TestTvp AS tt";
    SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(TSqlStatement, sqlconn);
    SqlParameter catParam = ("@TestTvp", dt);
     = ;
     = "";
    try
    {
        ();
        if (dt != null &&  != 0)
        {
            ();
        }
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        ("error>" + );
    }
    finally
    {
        ();
    }
}

static void TVPsInsert()
{
    ("Insert data using TVPs for short");
    Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
    {
        DataTable dt = GetTableSchema();
        for (int j = i * 100; j < (i + 1) * 100; j++)
        {
            DataRow r = ();
            r[0] = j;
            r[1] = ("{0}", i * j);
            (r);
        }
        ();
        TbaleValuedToDB(dt);
        ();
        (("Elapsed Time is {0} Milliseconds", ));
    }
    ();  
}

in conclusion

Insert 100w records, it is expected to take more than 11s

The above is a detailed explanation of the method of batch inserting data into SQLserver in C#. For more information about inserting data into SQLserver in C#, please pay attention to my other related articles!