Routers play a hub role in the Internet, but with the popularity of Internet applications, the rapid increase in network bandwidth, and the improvement of users' requirements for service quality, router technology is also facing new changes. Traditional old routers can no longer meet the needs of the continuous development of the Internet in many aspects, so under this situation, various new hotspot switching routing technologies continue to emerge. The content below this article will briefly sketch some current hot routing technologies to help everyone understand these hot technologies.
1. STUN technology
This technology is also called serial tunneling technology, which is a way to transfer data between networks through infrastructure using the Internet. The data (or load) passed using the tunnel can be a data frame of a different protocol (this word is incorrect) or a packet. The tunnel protocol reencapsulates the data frames or packets of these other protocols in a new package header and sends them. The new header provides routing information, allowing encapsulated load data to be passed over the Internet. Encapsulated packets are routed between two endpoints of the tunnel through a public Internet network. The logical path through which encapsulated data packets pass when they are passed on the public Internet is called a tunnel. Once the network endpoint is reached, the data will be unpacked and forwarded to the final destination. Note that tunneling technology refers to the entire process including data encapsulation, transmission and unpacking.
2. QoS technology
The Chinese meaning of QoS technology is service quality technology. Currently, QoS on routers has the following implementation methods: high bandwidth guarantee, bandwidth reservation implementation, access control, congestion control, differentiated service, MPLS traffic engineering, etc. The above methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, and can sometimes be used in combination.
3. IPv6 technology
This technology can not only effectively solve the crisis of Internet network addresses, but also greatly improves the performance of Internet networks. Support for QoS is provided in IPv6. Two important parameters are defined in the header of the IPv6 group: the business category field and the flow label field. The Service Category field divides the priority of IP packets into 16 levels. For those services that require special QoS, corresponding priority can be set in IP packets, and the router processes these data differently according to the priority of the IP packets. The data flow flag is used to define any transmitted data stream so that all nodes in the network can identify this data and perform special processing.
4. CIP technology
The full English name of this technology is Channel Interface Processor, and its Chinese meaning is channel interface processing technology. This technology is usually used in CISCO series routers. It can directly connect to the system host to provide the system host with access capabilities of multi-protocol internet networks.
5. VoIP technology
This technology is a packetized and digital transmission technology based on IP technology. It compresses and encodes the voice data through a voice compression algorithm, and then packages these voice data according to IP and other related protocols. The data packets are transmitted to the receiving place through the IP network, and then strings these voice packets together. After decoding and decompression processing, it is restored to the original voice signal, thereby achieving the purpose of transmitting voice from the IP network. The IP telephone system converts the analog signal of a normal telephone into an IP packet that the computer can connect to the Internet to transmit, and at the same time converts the received IP packet into a sound analog electrical signal.
6. DLSw technology
This technology can package the SNA software package through IP and then transmit it from the IP network to any router node on the IP network, and then transmit it through the router's serial port in SDLC to the SDLC interface device or the SNA node (such as RS6000) that transmits the SNA packets through the LLC2 link layer protocol.
7. MPLS technology
This technique can be used to implement tag switching paths (LSPs). LSP is similar to PVC for ATM and frame relay. An LSP can pass through one or more LSP nodes, and a tag router (LSR) in the ISP network can forward packets to another LSR through the LSP. After the edge LSR receives the IP packet, it adds an MPLS header to forward the packet to another LSR along the LSP. After the end point LSR receives the data packet, removes the MPLS header and forwards the data packet outward according to the IP end point address L3 information. Due to the use of ASIC hardware, its forwarding speed can be as fast as that of ATM's PVC. In this way, using LSP can easily monitor the traffic of each LSP like the ATM network. By setting up a new LSP, you can also control and balance the traffic of the entire network, and you can easily set up a backup ISP to ensure good failure recovery capabilities.
8. PPPoE technology
The full English name of PPPOE technology is PPP over Ethernet. Through the point-to-point technology of Ethernet, this technology is used to solve the authentication and billing problems of Ethernet access users. Similar to this is the PPP over ATM protocol, where router devices using this protocol can terminate access services.