Help information:
SORT [/R] [/+n] [/M kilobytes] [/L locale] [/REC recordbytes]
[[drive1:][path1]filename1] [/T [drive2:][path2]]
[/O [drive3:][path3]filename3]
/+n /+3 Description of each
Comparison should start with the third character on each line. Less than n characters
The rows are ahead of other rows. By default, from the first of each line
Start comparing by characters.
/L[OCALE] locale
""C"" Regional settings produce the fastest sort order and are currently
The only other option. Sort is always case-independent.
/M[EMORY] kilobytes Specifies the amount of main memory used for sorting, in KB.
The minimum memory is always 160 KB. If the memory size is specified,
Regardless of the available amount of main memory, the specified amount of memory will
All for sorting.
For best performance, memory size is usually not specified. Press Default
Value, if the default maximum memory value is reached, the sorting will be completed in one go
(Non-temporary file); otherwise, the sorting will be completed in two times (no
Fully sorted data is stored in temporary files); used for sorting
The amount of memory is equal to the merged. If both input and output are text
The default maximum memory is 90% of the available main memory;
Otherwise, it is 45% of the main memory.
/REC[ORD_MAXIMUM] characters Specify the maximum number of characters in the record
(The default value is 4096, and the maximum value is 65535).
/R[EVERSE] �
[drive1:][path1]filename1 Specifies the file to be sorted. If not specified, sorting criteria
Input. Specify the input file to redirect the same file as the flag
Quasi-input is fast.
/T[EMPORARY]
[drive2:][path2]
Storage cannot accommodate data. The default value is to use the system temporary directory.
/O[UTPUT]
[drive3:][path3]filename3 Specifies in which file to store sorted input.
If not specified, the data will be written to standard output. Specify
Output files are faster than redirecting standard output to the same file.
Command summary:
sort, meaning "sorted by...".
/r, in English reverse, means "reverse".
/+n, or number, meaning "number".
/m, all in English memory, meaning "memory".
/l, all in English, means "place", extended to "regional settings".
/rec, all in English record, means "record".
/t, in English, temporary, meaning "temporary".
/o, all in English output, meaning "output".
Detailed explanation of parameters:
1. Sort command without any parameters
The sort command without any parameters compares the size of the first character (letters are case-insensitive), and outputs in "order" (a-z, 0-9).
For example:
apple
believe
change
desktop
everything
flight
ground
hello
ignore
joke
knowledge
little
memory
normal
outside
Police
quickly
refrigerator
smell
technology
until
violin
water
xenophobia
yellow
zero
Sort with sort.
Code:
C:\Users\HELLOW~1\Desktop>sort
result:
It's the same as it is because the first character order of the words in it is arranged in "a-z".
2. Use sort to sort in the second character order of the word
The same is done.
Code:
C:\Users\HELLOW~1\Desktop>sort /+2
Effect:
water
technology
refrigerator
believe
hello
yellow
memory
xenophobia
zero
desktop
ignore
change
violin
little
flight
smell
knowledge
until
joke
Police
normal
apple
ground
quickly
outside
everything
This time the sorting is arranged in the "order" (a-z) of the second character.
Combining sections 1 and 2, it is not difficult to see that the effect of sort is actually equivalent to sort /+1.
3. Arrange in reverse order
Since it can be 123, it can be 321. The sort command can also be arranged in reverse order and output.
①. The usual reverse order method (inverted alphabetical order)
Code:
sort /r
Effect:
zero
yellow
xenophobia
water
violin
until
technology
smell
refrigerator
quickly
Police
outside
normal
memory
little
knowledge
joke
ignore
hello
ground
flight
everything
desktop
change
believe
apple
②. Special reverse order method (inverse order according to text, provided by Crlf moderator)
Code:
sort /+13
Effect:
Same as the first method.
illustrate:
The longest word in the word is "refrigerator", with a total of 12 letters. Here, sort compares the size of the 13th letter, but all words do not have 13 letters (the longest one is only 12), and are arranged in reverse order of text at this time.
So as long as you set the value of n in /+n to large enough, output in reverse order of text at this time.
Since the content of the opening article was not set well, the same results were produced in reverse order of letters and in reverse order of text. In fact, these are two completely different sorting methods. In reverse order of letters, the order of letters is arranged in reverse order according to letter rules (a-z, 0-9). In reverse order of text is to use the last line of text as the first line and the first line as the last line (in short, the text line is reversed).
Example (contributed by Crlf moderator):
：
@echo off
sort /r
echo;
sort /+1000
pause
：
123
abc
test
@#￥
ABC
result:
test
abc
ABC
123
@#￥
ABC
@#￥
test
abc
123
Please press any key to continue. . .
4. Output the sorting result to the file
①.Use the redirector to output the sorting result to the file
Code:
sort >
Effect:
Generate in the current folder with the content:
@#￥
123
abc
ABC
test
②.Use the /o parameter of sort to output the sort result to the file
Code:
sort /o
Effect:
Generate in the current folder, with the same content.
The difference between the two:
According to Microsoft's machine translation, "Specifying the output file is faster than redirecting the same file as standard output", which means that the /o parameter is faster than the redirector (>). This is not easy to test in practice, just have such an image.
5. Some explanations for /m and /t parameters
The /m parameter is used to specify the memory involved in sorting, in other words, "how much memory do you divide into (unit kb) to sort the sort command."
The /t parameter is used to specify the directory where the cache file is cached. For example, I want to process 8m large text, specifying the memory to be 500kb. How can 500kb be installed? What should I do now? ——(calculated as 1m=1000kb) First load 500kb into memory, then load the remaining 7500kb into memory in 15 times, and place the cache file in the directory specified by /t.
For example:
It is an 8m text (students who want to do the test can go to the Internet to download the novel).
Code:
> sort /m 500 /t C:\dcache
illustrate:
It is a novel, and it is naturally "terrible" after sorting with sort. There is nothing to say about the results. It mainly talks about some problems arising from running this line of code.
Question 1. After running the code, a warning message is raised: "Warning: When doing a lot of sorting, it is usually slower to sort than directly specifying the output file name." - This is mentioned earlier, "/o parameter is faster than redirector (>).
Question 2. After running the code, a .tmp file named "srt" + hexadecimal random number was generated in the directory C:\dcache. It appeared a few seconds and was deleted by the system (when the directory specified by the /t parameter is useless, the default cache file directory is %temp%).
Question 3. When I change the number of memory specified by /m to 160kb (160kb is the minimum memory default for the sort command), I actually prompted "There is not enough memory to complete the sorting."
Simple thoughts derived from the problem:
Since it is a simple thought, it will naturally not analyze it too deeply.
Question 1. If /o is faster than redirector (>), and sometimes a "warning" appears when using the redirector (>), then you can completely discard the redirector (>), and use the /o parameter as long as you want to output the sorting result.
Problem 2. The reason for the cache file is that the memory size is specified. If it is not specified, it will not appear. That is to say, "the cache file will not appear without the /m parameter, and the /t parameter will not be useful."
Question 3. If you do not specify the memory size for sorting, you will not prompt "out of memory", so it would be better if you don't use the /m parameter.
Summary: The /m and /t parameters of sort can be completely ignored. It is estimated that these two parameters were prepared for the Dos era. The current computer memory - my "honor machine" has 1G of memory, so I really can't think of the meaning of allocating memory for just a few dozen M of files.
6./rec parameter (specify the maximum row that sort can handle)
The "maximum line" here does not mean how many lines there are in the text, but how many characters can be contained in a line at most.
The default text line of the sort command contains 4096 characters (power of 2) and can contain up to 65535 characters.
A special text is set here to illustrate.
There are 2 lines of text in total, each line of text contains 4097 characters.
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
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Code and results:
C:\Users\helloworld\Desktop>sort
Enter the record exceeds the maximum length. Please specify a larger maximum.
C:\Users\helloworld\Desktop>sort /rec 4097
Correctly echo.
The content I didn't talk about, the /l parameter, is related to the locale settings, and I didn't understand it either.