In R language, paste is a very useful string processing function, which can connect different types of variables and constants.
functionpasteThe general format of use is:
paste(..., sep = " ", collapse = NULL)
That… means that one or more R can be converted into character-type objects; the parameter sep represents a separator, which is defaulted to a space; the parameter collapse is optional. If no value is specified, the return value of the function paste is a character-type vector obtained by connecting the delimiter specified by sep between independent variables; if a specific value is specified for it, the character-type vectors connected by the independent variables will be connected into a string, separated by the value of collapse. The following is a specific example to illustrate the role of each parameter:
The paste function connects its arguments into a string, and separates them with spaces in the middle, such as
> paste("Hello","world")
Returns a string concatenated by spaces.
[1] "Hello world"
The connected independent variables can be vectors, and each corresponding element is connected, and shorter vectors are reused when the lengths are different. like
> paste("A", 1:6, sep = "")
Note that what is returned here is a vector composed of multiple values.
[1] "A1" "A2" "A3" "A4" "A5" "A6"
If you want to concatenate all characters in a vector together and separate them with commas, use paste(x, collapse) and the result is just a single element. Or you can use the function toString to implement (but the toString function is originally implemented using paste, so it is better to use paste).
> paste(letters[1:6],collapse=",")
Here we turn the connection that should have become a vector into a string (that is, the connection of multiple elements)
[1] "a,b,c,d,e,f"
Parameters are used at the same timeseqandcollapse。
> paste("A", 1:6, sep = "",collapse=",")
Use these two functions reasonably to combine them to create the desired effect.
[1] "A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6"
If you just want each element in the vector x to be connected with a specific character (underscore_), use paste(x,seq=), such as
> paste(letters[1:4],seq='_')
[1] "a _" "b _" "c _" "d _"
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