Linux uses traceroute to perform network diagnostic analysis

Introduction

tracerouteCommand is a network diagnostic tool that tracks the path of data packets from the system to the target server. It helps identify network latency and routing issues.

Install

• Debian/Ubuntu

sudo apt install traceroute -y

• RHEL/CentOS

sudo yum install traceroute -y

• Fedora

sudo dnf install traceroute -y

Example usage

Basic usage

Send with additionalTTL(Survival Time) value packets to discover the path taken by the packet

traceroute 

Example

traceroute 8.8.8.8

Sample output

traceroute to  (142.250.190.78), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
 1   (192.168.1.1)  1.013 ms  0.986 ms  1.010 ms
 2  192.168.0.1 (192.168.0.1)  2.105 ms  2.098 ms  2.100 ms
 3  isp-gateway (203.0.113.1)  10.258 ms  10.302 ms  10.310 ms
 4  core-router (203.0.113.2)  20.551 ms  20.564 ms  20.590 ms
 5   (142.250.190.78)  30.759 ms  30.802 ms  30.820 ms

Field analysis

• Hop Number: The router sequence through which the packet passes

• Host: The host name or IP address of the router

• Round-Trip Times (ms): The response time of the router is three times

Common symbols

• * * *: No response (probably the packet was blocked or lost)

• !H: The host cannot be accessed

• !N: The Internet is unreachable

• !X: Firewall block

Show only IP addresses

To avoid hostname resolution and only display IP

traceroute -n 

Specify the maximum number of hops

By default,tracerouteUp to 30 jumps are allowed

traceroute -m 20 

Change the number of detections per hop

By default,traceroute3 packets are sent per hop

traceroute -q 1 

Use ICMP instead of UDP

By default,tracerouteuseUDPpackets, if certain networks blockUDP, can be used insteadICMP

traceroute -I 

Using TCP SYN packets

whenICMPandUDPUseful when blocked

traceroute -T 

Set the packet size

Specify packet size (default: 60 bytes)

traceroute  100

traceroute vs. ping and mtr

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