Summary of four methods to package Python code into callable SDKs (suitable for mobile apps)

introduction

Python is a powerful and ecologically rich language that is widely used in data processing, machine learning and backend services. However, Python is not a native mobile development language (Android mainly uses Java/Kotlin, iOS mainly uses Swift/Objective-C). If you want to call Python code in a mobile app (Android or iOS), the best way isPackage Python code into SDK, and then passFFI (external function interface) or local serviceLet the App access it.

This article will introduce several typesPython code packaged into callable SDKMethods includingPyInstaller、Cython、PyOxidizer、Kivy + Buildozer、Chaquopy、BeeWareetc. and provide detailed steps.

1. Choose the packaging method

Different packaging methods are suitable for different application scenarios:

If your goal isPackage Python code into SDK for Android/iOS App calls, the following methods are recommended:

1. Cython + JNI（Android）
2. Python backend + HTTP API (general solution)
3. Chaquopy (Android only)
4. BeeWare (iOS only)

2. Method 1: Use Cython to generate dynamic link library (suitable for Android/iOS)

2.1. Principle

Cython can compile Python code into C code and generate dynamic link libraries (.so or .dll), which can then be called on Android or iOS via JNI (Java Native Interface) or FFI (Foreign Function Interface).

2.2. Steps

(1) Install Cython

pip install cython

(2) Write Python code

Suppose we have a simple Python computing modulemath_utils.py：

def add(a: int, b: int) -> int:
    return a + b

(3) Createmath_utils.pyx

Change the code to Cython code (.pyxdocument):

# math_utils.pyx
def add(int a, int b):
    return a + b

(4) Writing

from setuptools import setup
from  import cythonize

setup(
    ext_modules=cythonize("math_utils.pyx", language_level="3"),
)

(5) Compile into.so(Linux/Android) or.dylib（macOS/iOS）

python  build_ext --inplace

This will generatemath_utils.cpython-38-x86_64(Linux) or.dylib（macOS）。

(6) Calling in Java/Kotlin (Android)

Loading in Android project.sodocument:

("math_utils");

public class MathUtils {
    public native int add(int a, int b);
}

3. Method 2: Use the HTTP API (suitable for Android/iOS)

3.1. Principle

• Deploy Python code to the server
• Let mobile apps access Python services through HTTP API

3.2. Steps

(1) Install FastAPI

pip install fastapi uvicorn

(2) Write FastAPI code

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()

@("/add")
def add(a: int, b: int):
    return {"result": a + b}

if __name__ == "__main__":
    import uvicorn
    (app, host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)

(3) Run the API server

uvicorn main:app --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8000

(4) Call on the mobile app

Request API in Android/iOS code:

URL url = new URL("http://server_ip:8000/add?a=3&b=4");
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) ();
("GET");

4. Method 3: Use Chaquopy (for Android)

4.1. Principle

Chaquopy allows you to run Python code directly in an Android project and interact with Java.

4.2. Steps

(1) Project on AndroidAdd dependencies in

dependencies {
    implementation ':gradle:12.0'
}

(2)Run Python code

import ;
import ;

if (!()) {
    (new AndroidPlatform(this));
}

Python py = ();
PyObject obj = ("script").callAttr("add", 3, 5);
(());

5. Method 4: Use BeeWare (for iOS)

5.1. Principle

BeeWare allows running Python code on iOS, usingRubicon-ObjCEnter iOS interaction.

5.2. Steps

Install BeeWare:

pip install briefcase

Create an iOS project:

briefcase create iOS

Run iOS emulator:

briefcase run iOS

6. Summary

If you wantPython runs efficiently inside the App, it is recommended to useCython + JNI; If you wantQuick integration,suggestionUse FastAPI as the backend. Different solutions can be selected for different application scenarios. I hope this article can help you successfully package Python code into SDK!

The above is the detailed content of several methods to package Python code into callable SDKs (applicable to mobile apps). For more information about packaging Python code into SDKs, please pay attention to my other related articles!