People who often use computers may have heard that when a computer fails, Windows will provide a platform called "Safe Mode", where users can solve many problems - whether it is hardware (driver) or software. However, will you use this safe mode? Today we will take you to know its true face.
First knowing the safety mode
To enter safe mode, just press F8 continuously during startup, the options menu will appear, and then use the up and down cursor keys on the keyboard to select to enter different startup modes. The options menu includes the following:
1. Safe mode
Use only basic files and drivers. Such as mouse (except USB serial mouse), monitor, keyboard, hard disk, basic video, default system services, etc., but no network connection.
If the computer cannot be started successfully in Safe Mode, you may need to use the Recovery Console feature to repair the system.
2. Safe mode with network connection
Added network connections on the basis of normal security mode. However, some network programs may not run normally, such as MSN, and many self-started applications will not load automatically, such as firewalls, antivirus software, etc. So in this mode, do not forget to load manually, otherwise malicious programs and other programs may invade during your computer repair process.
3. Safe mode with command line prompt
Use only basic files and drivers to boot, and after logging in, a command prompt appears on the screen, not the Windows graphical interface.
Note: In this mode, if you accidentally close the command prompt window, the screen will be completely black. You can press the key combination Ctrl+Alt+Del, call up "Task Manager", click "New Task", and then enter "C:\WINDOWS\" after the dialog box is "Run" to pop up. You can immediately start the graphical interface of Windows XP, which is exactly the same as the interface in the above three safe modes. If you enter "c:\windows\system32\cmd", you can also open the command prompt window again. In fact, this method can be used to start the command prompt window in other safe modes and even when it is started normally.
4. Enable startup log
Start in normal safe mode, and log all drivers and services loaded by the system (or not loaded) into a text file. The file is called , and it is located in the %windir% (default is c:\windows\) directory. The startup log is useful for determining the exact cause of system startup problems.
5. Enable VGA mode
Start with the basic VGA driver. This mode is useful when a new video card driver is installed that prevents Windows from booting properly. In fact, no matter what form of safe mode is started, it always uses the basic video driver. Therefore, in these modes, the screen resolution is 640×480 and cannot be changed. But the driver can be reinstalled.
6. The last correct configuration
Start using the registry information and drivers saved when Windows was last shut down. Any changes made since the last successful startup will be lost. Therefore, the last correct configuration is usually used only if the configuration is incorrect (mainly software configuration). But it does not solve the problem caused by the damage or loss of drivers or files.
7. Directory service recovery mode
This is for the server operating system and is only used to restore the SYSVOL directory and Active Directory directory services on the domain controller.
8. Debugging mode
The debug information is sent to another computer via a serial cable at startup.
If you are installing Windows on your computer or are already using the Remote Installation Service, you can see additional options related to restoring or restoring your system using the Remote Installation Service.
Realistic application
1. The author used to use an old monitor, and he was a beginner. What do beginners like to do the most? Change some wallpaper and set the resolution and feel it feels very fulfilling. Unexpectedly, I mistakenly adjusted the resolution and refresh rate too high. The screen was distorted at the next time I started, so I could only reinstall the operating system.
Now that I think about it, I was really foolish and cute at that time. Just restart it to safe mode (the first four modes are OK), delete the graphics card driver, and then restart the computer. When restarting (normal startup), the system will automatically scan the graphics card and install the driver, and the screen can restore the normal display.
There are also some problems that can be handled in this way, such as Windows XP will automatically recognize the hardware and install drivers, but sometimes it is always dizzy and no error information will be displayed under the Device Manager. But it just works abnormally, such as not being able to access the network (the network card driver is wrong), the screen display is wrong (the graphics card driver is wrong), etc., you can also reinstall the driver in safe mode.
2. Expose malicious self-start programs or services
If the computer has some inexplicable errors, such as not being able to access the Internet, and following the conventional ideas and not being able to find the problem, you can start to the safe mode with network connection to see. If you can access it here, it means that some self-start programs or services affect the normal connection of the network.
In safe mode with network connection, use the command prompt tool TaskList >d:\ with redirection to record the process at that time into the text file under the root directory of the D: disk. Next, start the computer in a normal way and compare the recorded processes with the process at this time. You will find that there are much more processes at this time. Please end the extra processes one by one and check whether the network connection is normal. If the network connection is normal when a process is terminated, it means that the process that just ends is the culprit. After detection, the executable files related to the process can be deleted. But it should also be noted that since it runs automatically, after forced deletion, it may cause an error of "Can certain file not found" during startup time. All settings related to self-start must be cleared, including "System Configuration Utility", content under "System Configuration Utility", content under "Registration", content under the startup script, content under "Start" menu, etc.
3. Adjust partition
Once, I took Benben on a business trip and wanted to process the report file that I could use immediately after getting off the car, but Benben was not doing well and reported a partition error when starting. Oh my God, I'm away from home and don't bring any tool software. Fortunately, there is no way to go, and I can start it in safe mode - there is a way, the command line tool Diskpart can do all the work of a partition magician (maybe few friends have heard of it). Diskpart is very powerful. It works in an integrated environment. After entering Diskpart, the special prompt shown in Figure 1, namely Diskpart> (Note: this is not a path). In this environment, many related subcommands can be entered. Let’s demonstrate the partition expansion function.
Note: The following operations were recorded on the desktop computer.
① Start to safe mode with command prompt and enter the command Diskpart. Enter list partition to display the partition. Obviously, there are two main partitions and two extended partitions.
② Enter "Select Parttition 3" to make the third partition (the one of 5004MB) so that the partition has the focus attribute. Enter "Delete Partition" again to delete the partition. Please compare the values after the "List partition" commands in Figure 3, 1 and 2. It is not difficult to see that the original partition 3 has indeed been deleted.
③ Enter "Select partition 1" to make it have the focus attribute, and then enter "Extend". The last allocated space that has been vacated by the deleted partition can be automatically added to the first partition.
To expand the partition capacity, this is the patent of the partition magician, and "diskpart" can also be implemented. It seems that Windows server 2003 does not support the partition magician. Enter "List partition" again to observe the capacity changes of the first partition.
Description: When expanding a partition with focus to the nearest unallocated space. For normal partitions, unallocated space must be on the same disk and must be followed by a partition with focus.
If the partition to be expanded is in NTFS format, no data will be lost after expansion. If it is a non-NTFS file system format, this command fails, but does not make any changes to the partition and does not corrupt the data. The current system partition or startup partition cannot be expanded, nor can the partition containing page files be expanded. As can be seen from the figure, there are two main partitions in my computer, and partition 5 is the active partition. Otherwise, the capacity expansion operation of partition 1 cannot be performed.
Syntax: extend [size=n]
Parameter description: size=n: The size of space added to the current partition (MB). If you do not specify a size, the disk expands to occupy all the closest unallocated space.
④ No matter what changes are made to the hard drive partition, including creation, deletion, expansion, etc., there is no need to restart the computer to take effect (this is something that the partition magician cannot do), but these partitions cannot be seen in "My computer". Why is this? It turns out that the drive letter has not been specified for it (that is, the drive letter). How to specify the drive letter? The following is an example of specifying the drive letter for the first partition.
Make the first partition have the focus attribute, and then enter the command "Assign", and Diskpart will automatically assign one to it. Of course, you can also use the command "AssignLetter=X" to manually specify it. When manually specifying it, it cannot be the same as existing drive letters such as C. After this processing, you can view these partitions under "My Computer".
⑤ Set partition 5 as an active partition, first use Select Parttition 5 to make it have the focus attribute and then activate it with Active. Finally enter Exit, exit the Diskpart integrated environment, and let the computer restart automatically.
Note: If you are used to using DiskPart, you will feel that its design is very consistent with people's thinking habits. Generally, you specify the focus first and then perform operations. During the operation, you can also display the partition status to grasp the progress. Enter Help to view all subcommands. When there is an error in input, it will automatically list the subcommand list and brief description to guide you to the right path. In addition, after installing Windows 2003, the most familiar partition magician (non-server version) cannot run normally, and using Diskpart is indeed a good choice.
As mentioned earlier, before performing any operation under Diskpart, you must specify the focus, that is, specify which object to operate. On the one hand, this makes my operation logic clear, but on the other hand, if you accidentally specify the focus and execute destructive commands, such as deleting partitions, it will cause irreparable losses. Therefore, please feel free to use the List command to view the status of each partition. There is an asterisk (*) flag in front of the focus partition.
In addition, you can also use the safe mode to complete the virus removal work. For example, some antivirus software can report viruses but cannot be cleared or even isolated or deleted. In this case, you can boot into safe mode to try to delete these virus files. Of course, here we have only introduced some common uses of safety modes, which are considered as a way to attract jade. I hope you can gradually experience more conveniences in actual computer use.
First knowing the safety mode
To enter safe mode, just press F8 continuously during startup, the options menu will appear, and then use the up and down cursor keys on the keyboard to select to enter different startup modes. The options menu includes the following:
1. Safe mode
Use only basic files and drivers. Such as mouse (except USB serial mouse), monitor, keyboard, hard disk, basic video, default system services, etc., but no network connection.
If the computer cannot be started successfully in Safe Mode, you may need to use the Recovery Console feature to repair the system.
2. Safe mode with network connection
Added network connections on the basis of normal security mode. However, some network programs may not run normally, such as MSN, and many self-started applications will not load automatically, such as firewalls, antivirus software, etc. So in this mode, do not forget to load manually, otherwise malicious programs and other programs may invade during your computer repair process.
3. Safe mode with command line prompt
Use only basic files and drivers to boot, and after logging in, a command prompt appears on the screen, not the Windows graphical interface.
Note: In this mode, if you accidentally close the command prompt window, the screen will be completely black. You can press the key combination Ctrl+Alt+Del, call up "Task Manager", click "New Task", and then enter "C:\WINDOWS\" after the dialog box is "Run" to pop up. You can immediately start the graphical interface of Windows XP, which is exactly the same as the interface in the above three safe modes. If you enter "c:\windows\system32\cmd", you can also open the command prompt window again. In fact, this method can be used to start the command prompt window in other safe modes and even when it is started normally.
4. Enable startup log
Start in normal safe mode, and log all drivers and services loaded by the system (or not loaded) into a text file. The file is called , and it is located in the %windir% (default is c:\windows\) directory. The startup log is useful for determining the exact cause of system startup problems.
5. Enable VGA mode
Start with the basic VGA driver. This mode is useful when a new video card driver is installed that prevents Windows from booting properly. In fact, no matter what form of safe mode is started, it always uses the basic video driver. Therefore, in these modes, the screen resolution is 640×480 and cannot be changed. But the driver can be reinstalled.
6. The last correct configuration
Start using the registry information and drivers saved when Windows was last shut down. Any changes made since the last successful startup will be lost. Therefore, the last correct configuration is usually used only if the configuration is incorrect (mainly software configuration). But it does not solve the problem caused by the damage or loss of drivers or files.
7. Directory service recovery mode
This is for the server operating system and is only used to restore the SYSVOL directory and Active Directory directory services on the domain controller.
8. Debugging mode
The debug information is sent to another computer via a serial cable at startup.
If you are installing Windows on your computer or are already using the Remote Installation Service, you can see additional options related to restoring or restoring your system using the Remote Installation Service.
Realistic application
1. The author used to use an old monitor, and he was a beginner. What do beginners like to do the most? Change some wallpaper and set the resolution and feel it feels very fulfilling. Unexpectedly, I mistakenly adjusted the resolution and refresh rate too high. The screen was distorted at the next time I started, so I could only reinstall the operating system.
Now that I think about it, I was really foolish and cute at that time. Just restart it to safe mode (the first four modes are OK), delete the graphics card driver, and then restart the computer. When restarting (normal startup), the system will automatically scan the graphics card and install the driver, and the screen can restore the normal display.
There are also some problems that can be handled in this way, such as Windows XP will automatically recognize the hardware and install drivers, but sometimes it is always dizzy and no error information will be displayed under the Device Manager. But it just works abnormally, such as not being able to access the network (the network card driver is wrong), the screen display is wrong (the graphics card driver is wrong), etc., you can also reinstall the driver in safe mode.
2. Expose malicious self-start programs or services
If the computer has some inexplicable errors, such as not being able to access the Internet, and following the conventional ideas and not being able to find the problem, you can start to the safe mode with network connection to see. If you can access it here, it means that some self-start programs or services affect the normal connection of the network.
In safe mode with network connection, use the command prompt tool TaskList >d:\ with redirection to record the process at that time into the text file under the root directory of the D: disk. Next, start the computer in a normal way and compare the recorded processes with the process at this time. You will find that there are much more processes at this time. Please end the extra processes one by one and check whether the network connection is normal. If the network connection is normal when a process is terminated, it means that the process that just ends is the culprit. After detection, the executable files related to the process can be deleted. But it should also be noted that since it runs automatically, after forced deletion, it may cause an error of "Can certain file not found" during startup time. All settings related to self-start must be cleared, including "System Configuration Utility", content under "System Configuration Utility", content under "Registration", content under the startup script, content under "Start" menu, etc.
3. Adjust partition
Once, I took Benben on a business trip and wanted to process the report file that I could use immediately after getting off the car, but Benben was not doing well and reported a partition error when starting. Oh my God, I'm away from home and don't bring any tool software. Fortunately, there is no way to go, and I can start it in safe mode - there is a way, the command line tool Diskpart can do all the work of a partition magician (maybe few friends have heard of it). Diskpart is very powerful. It works in an integrated environment. After entering Diskpart, the special prompt shown in Figure 1, namely Diskpart> (Note: this is not a path). In this environment, many related subcommands can be entered. Let’s demonstrate the partition expansion function.
Note: The following operations were recorded on the desktop computer.
① Start to safe mode with command prompt and enter the command Diskpart. Enter list partition to display the partition. Obviously, there are two main partitions and two extended partitions.
② Enter "Select Parttition 3" to make the third partition (the one of 5004MB) so that the partition has the focus attribute. Enter "Delete Partition" again to delete the partition. Please compare the values after the "List partition" commands in Figure 3, 1 and 2. It is not difficult to see that the original partition 3 has indeed been deleted.
③ Enter "Select partition 1" to make it have the focus attribute, and then enter "Extend". The last allocated space that has been vacated by the deleted partition can be automatically added to the first partition.
To expand the partition capacity, this is the patent of the partition magician, and "diskpart" can also be implemented. It seems that Windows server 2003 does not support the partition magician. Enter "List partition" again to observe the capacity changes of the first partition.
Description: When expanding a partition with focus to the nearest unallocated space. For normal partitions, unallocated space must be on the same disk and must be followed by a partition with focus.
If the partition to be expanded is in NTFS format, no data will be lost after expansion. If it is a non-NTFS file system format, this command fails, but does not make any changes to the partition and does not corrupt the data. The current system partition or startup partition cannot be expanded, nor can the partition containing page files be expanded. As can be seen from the figure, there are two main partitions in my computer, and partition 5 is the active partition. Otherwise, the capacity expansion operation of partition 1 cannot be performed.
Syntax: extend [size=n]
Parameter description: size=n: The size of space added to the current partition (MB). If you do not specify a size, the disk expands to occupy all the closest unallocated space.
④ No matter what changes are made to the hard drive partition, including creation, deletion, expansion, etc., there is no need to restart the computer to take effect (this is something that the partition magician cannot do), but these partitions cannot be seen in "My computer". Why is this? It turns out that the drive letter has not been specified for it (that is, the drive letter). How to specify the drive letter? The following is an example of specifying the drive letter for the first partition.
Make the first partition have the focus attribute, and then enter the command "Assign", and Diskpart will automatically assign one to it. Of course, you can also use the command "AssignLetter=X" to manually specify it. When manually specifying it, it cannot be the same as existing drive letters such as C. After this processing, you can view these partitions under "My Computer".
⑤ Set partition 5 as an active partition, first use Select Parttition 5 to make it have the focus attribute and then activate it with Active. Finally enter Exit, exit the Diskpart integrated environment, and let the computer restart automatically.
Note: If you are used to using DiskPart, you will feel that its design is very consistent with people's thinking habits. Generally, you specify the focus first and then perform operations. During the operation, you can also display the partition status to grasp the progress. Enter Help to view all subcommands. When there is an error in input, it will automatically list the subcommand list and brief description to guide you to the right path. In addition, after installing Windows 2003, the most familiar partition magician (non-server version) cannot run normally, and using Diskpart is indeed a good choice.
As mentioned earlier, before performing any operation under Diskpart, you must specify the focus, that is, specify which object to operate. On the one hand, this makes my operation logic clear, but on the other hand, if you accidentally specify the focus and execute destructive commands, such as deleting partitions, it will cause irreparable losses. Therefore, please feel free to use the List command to view the status of each partition. There is an asterisk (*) flag in front of the focus partition.
In addition, you can also use the safe mode to complete the virus removal work. For example, some antivirus software can report viruses but cannot be cleared or even isolated or deleted. In this case, you can boot into safe mode to try to delete these virus files. Of course, here we have only introduced some common uses of safety modes, which are considered as a way to attract jade. I hope you can gradually experience more conveniences in actual computer use.