Detailed explanation of examples of Python implementing common network communications

1. HTTP/HTTPS communication

1. Client example (requests library)

import requests

# HTTP GET
response = ('/get')
print()

# HTTPS POST
response = (
    '/post',
    data={'key': 'value'},
    verify=True  # Verify SSL certificate (default))
print(())

2. Server side example (Flask)

from flask import Flask, request

app = Flask(__name__)

@('/api', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def handle_request():
    if  == 'GET':
        return {'message': 'GET received'}
    elif  == 'POST':
        return {'data': }

if __name__ == '__main__':
    (ssl_context='adhoc')  # Enable HTTPS

2. UDP communication

1. Server side

import socket

server = (socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
(('0.0.0.0', 9999))

while True:
    data, addr = (1024)
    print(f"Received from {addr}: {()}")
    (b'UDP response', addr)

2. Client

import socket

client = (socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
(b'Hello UDP', ('localhost', 9999))
response, addr = (1024)
print(f"Received: {()}")

3. WebSocket Communication

Requires installation of the library:pip install websockets

1. Server side

import asyncio
import websockets

async def handler(websocket):
    async for message in websocket:
        print(f"Received: {message}")
        await (f"Echo: {message}")

async def main():
    async with (handler, "localhost", 8765):
        await ()  # Permanently run
(main())

2. Client

import asyncio
import websockets

async def client():
    async with ("ws://localhost:8765") as ws:
        await ("Hello WebSocket!")
        response = await ()
        print(f"Received: {response}")

(client())

4. Server-Sent Events (SSE)

Requires installation of the library:pip install sseclient-py

1. Server side (Flask implementation)

from flask import Flask, Response

app = Flask(__name__)

@('/stream')
def stream():
    def event_stream():
        for i in range(5):
            yield f"data: Message {i}\n\n"
    return Response(event_stream(), mimetype="text/event-stream")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    ()

2. Client

import requests
from sseclient import SSEClient

url = 'http://localhost:5000/stream'
response = (url, stream=True)
client = SSEClient(response)

for event in ():
    print(f"Received event: {}")

Key points description

HTTP/HTTPS: The most commonly used request-response model
UDP: No connection protocol, suitable for scenarios with high real-time requirements
WebSocket: Full duplex communication protocol, suitable for real-time two-way communication
SSE: One-way push technology from server to client
Safety advice：
- HTTPS uses requestsverify=TrueVerification certificate
- WebSocket usagewss://Security Agreement
- The production environment should use a formal SSL certificate

Choose an agreement according to specific needs:

Simple data request: HTTP/HTTPS
Real-time game/video: UDP
Chat application: WebSocket
Real-time notification: SSE

It is recommended to use asynchronous frameworks (such as aiohttp, FastAPI) according to actual scenarios to obtain better performance.

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