Go language implementation Viper configuration management notes

1. What is Viper?

Viper is a powerful tool in the Go language, like a super steward, specializing in helping you manage various configurations of the program. It can read out the contents in configuration files (such as JSON, YAML, TOML, etc.), monitor the changes in configuration files, and even get configurations from environment variables, command line parameters, and remote configuration servers (such as etcd, Consul). In short, with Viper, configuration management becomes simple and flexible.

2. Why use Viper?

• Supports multiple formats: Viper can easily read whether it is YAML, JSON or other configuration files.
• Provide default values: If no certain values ​​are written in the configuration file, Viper can use the default values ​​to avoid program errors.
• Real-time monitoring: The configuration file has been changed, Viper can immediately discover and update without restarting the program.
• Flexible priority: Viper has a clear set of rules that determine which configuration source is more important to avoid conflicts.

3. Viper's lifestyle example

Suppose you open a restaurant and Viper is like your lobby manager:

• Supports multiple menu formats: Whether it is a paper menu, electronic menu or blackboard menu, the lobby manager can understand it.
• Default dishes are provided: If the customer does not order food, the lobby manager will serve the food to the customer according to the default menu.
• Real-time monitoring of menu changes: If the kitchen temporarily changes dishes, the lobby manager will immediately notify all guests.
• Flexible priority: If the dish ordered by the guest conflicts with the default menu, the dish ordered by the guest shall prevail; if the kitchen is out of stock, consider other alternatives.

4. Viper's code examples

Example 1: Reading YAML configuration file

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"/spf13/viper"
)

func main() {
	// Set configuration file information	("config")  // Configuration file name (no extension)	("yaml")    // Configuration file type	(".")       // Add configuration file path
	// Read the configuration file	if err := (); err != nil {
		panic(("Error reading configuration file: %s", err))
	}

	// Get the configuration value	port := ("port")
	version := ("version")
	mysqlHost := ("")
	mysqlPort := ("")
	mysqlDbname := ("")

	// Print configuration values	("Server Port: %d\n", port)
	("Version number: %s\n", version)
	("MySQL Address: %s:%d\n", mysqlHost, mysqlPort)
	("MySQL database name: %s\n", mysqlDbname)
}

Example 2: Monitor configuration file changes in real time

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"/fsnotify/fsnotify"
	"/spf13/viper"
	"time"
)

func main() {
	// Set configuration file information	("config")
	("yaml")
	(".")

	// Read the configuration file	if err := (); err != nil {
		panic(("Error reading configuration file: %s", err))
	}

	// Monitor configuration file changes	()
	(func(e ) {
		("The configuration file has changed:", )
		// Here you can add the updated logic after configuration	})

	// Simulate the program to run	for {
		(1 * )
		("Current Version:", ("version"))
	}
}

5. Summary

Viper is a powerful, flexible and easy-to-use configuration management tool. It is like a super steward of program configuration, providing developers with a comprehensive configuration solution. Whether it is a simple command line tool or a complex distributed system, Viper can easily deal with it, helping developers manage configuration information efficiently and stably, allowing programs to run stably in different environments and scenarios, greatly improving development efficiency and program quality, and is an indispensable right-hand assistant in Go language development.

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