When we browse the web page will often encounter drop-down boxes, WebDriver provides a Select class to deal with drop-down boxes, please see below for details:
The key methods used in this chapter are as follows:
- select_by_value(): set the value of the dropdown box
- switch_to.(): locates and accepts an existing warning box (for more details seePython Crawler - Selenium (9) Warning Box (Popup) Handling)
- click(): mouse click event (for other mouse events, please refer toPython Crawler - Selenium (5) Mouse Events)
- move_to_element(): mouse hover (for more details, please seePython Crawler - Selenium (5) Mouse Events)
from selenium import webdriver
from import ActionChains
from import Select
import time
driver = ()
('')
# Hover over the "Settings" link.
link = driver.find_element_by_link_text('Settings')
ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(link).perform()
(2) #Sleep for two seconds and see the effect
# Open search settings
driver.find_element_by_link_text("Search Settings").click()
(2) #Sleep for two seconds and see the effect
# of search results displayed
sel = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//select[@id='nr']")
Select(sel).select_by_value('50') # 50 displayed
(2) #Sleep for two seconds and see the effect
# Save settings
driver.find_element_by_class_name("prefpanelgo").click()
(2) #Sleep for two seconds and see the effect
# Locate and accept existing warning boxes
alert = driver.switch_to.()
(2) #Sleep for two seconds and see the effect
()
List of functions in the select class
| function (math.) | analyze |
|---|---|
| options | Returns all the options of the select element. |
| all_selected_options | Returns all selected options in the select element. |
| first_selected_option | Returns the first option selected in the select element. |
| select_by_index(index) | Positioning by index, index starts at "0". |
| select_by_value(value) | Positioning by value attribute value |
| select_by_visible_text(text)t | Positioned by text value, visible_text is the value in the middle of the option tag, i.e. the value displayed in the dropdown box; |
| deselect_all() | Cancel all selected items |
| deselect_by_index(index) | Unselected index entries |
| deselect_by_value(value) | Unchecks the selected value. |
| deselect_by_visible_text(text) | Cancel selected text values |
give an example
html below:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>I'm the title.</title> </head> <body> <!--selecttab (of a window) (computing)--> <select name="city" size="5" multiple="multiple"> <option value="1" tabindex="1">Beijing, capital of People's *</option> <option value="2" tabindex="2" selected="selected">He'nan Mengguzu autonomous county in Qinghai</option> <option value="3" tabindex="3">anhui</option> <option value="4" tabindex="4">Shandong</option> <option value="5" tabindex="5">Shanghai</option> </select> </body> </html>
from selenium import webdriver
from import Select
import time
driver = (r"D:\browser\chromedriver\")
("http://localhost:63342/ui_test/select%E6%A0%87%E7%AD%")
driver.maximize_window()
ele = driver.find_element_by_name("city")
select = Select(ele)
select.select_by_value("3") # Select "Hebei"
(3)
select.select_by_index(0) # Select "Beijing"
(3)
select.deselect_by_value("3") # Uncheck "Hebei"
(3)
select.deselect_by_index(0) # Uncheck "Beijing"
(3)
()
Selenium Anthology Portal:
| caption | synopsis |
|---|---|
| Python Crawler - Selenium (1) Installation and Simple Use | Detailed description of Selenium's dependencies on Windows and Centos7 installation and simple use of the environment |
| Python Crawler - Selenium (2) element positioning and WebDriver common methods | Detailed introduction to the 8 ways to locate an element and use it in conjunction with methods such as click and type, submit, get assertion information, etc. |
| Python Crawler - Selenium (3) Common Ways to Control Your Browser | Detailed introduction to the use of customizing the browser window size or full screen, controlling the browser backward, forward, refresh the browser and other methods |
| Python Crawler - Selenium (4) Configuring Startup Item Parameters | Detailed description of Selenium startup parameters configuration, including no interface mode, browser window size settings, browser User-Agent (request header) and so on. |
| Python Crawler - Selenium (5) Mouse Events | Detailed introduction to the use of mouse right-click, double-click, drag, mouse hover and other methods |
| Python Crawler - Selenium (6) Keyboard Events | Detailed introduction to keyboard operation, including almost all commonly used keys and key combinations |
| Python Crawler - Selenium (7) Multi-Window Switching | Detailed description of how Selenium realizes the freedom to switch between different windows |
| Python Crawler - Selenium (8) frame/iframe form nested pages | Details on how to switch from the currently positioned body to a frame/iframe form in an inline page |
| Python Crawler - Selenium (9) Warning Box (Popup) Handling | Details on how to locate and handle multiple types of warning pop-ups |
| Python Crawler - Selenium (10) Dropdown Box Processing | Details on how to flexibly position and handle drop-down boxes |
| Python Crawler - Selenium (11) File Uploads | Details how to elegantly specify files to upload via send_keys() |
| Python Crawler - Selenium (12) Getting Login Cookies and Adding Cookies to Automate Login | Details on how to get cookies and use them for automatic login |
| Python Crawler - Selenium (13) Setting Up Element Waiting | Details on how to elegantly set the element wait time to prevent the program from running too fast and causing the element positioning failure |
| Python Crawler - Selenium (14) Window Screenshots | Detailed instructions on how to use window screenshots |
| Python Crawler - Selenium (15) Close Browser | Detailed description of the difference between the two types of closing windows |
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