Opening ten Dual-core processor
Intel Dual-Core Processor
Speaking of Intel's dual-core processor, it is indeed a little later than AMD, especially the dual-core server processor. However, as a giant in the CPU field, Intel has always been an active supporter of dual-core processor promotion, and has taken the lead in launching the main dual-core Pentium D on the market with its advanced technology.
On May 26, 2005, Intel officially released the dual-core Pentium D processor, which is not aimed at the server market, but at the desktop market. On October 11, 2005, Intel released its first dual-core, hyper-threaded Intel Xeon processor for entry-level dual-channel servers in Beijing.
The new Xeon processor is expected to help improve the performance of today's dual-channel 64-bit servers by up to 50%. Other features include Intel 64-bit memory expansion technology, hyperthreading (HT) technology, Intel virus protection technology, on-demand power distribution, etc. Servers based on these processors are ideal for applications such as web servers, infrastructure and email.
1. Pentium D processor
The Pentium D processor integrates two independent processor cores into a LGA 775 substrate. Each independent core supports HyperThreading. In this way, the Pentium D processor can support two virtual processors, and each independent physical core provides 1MB of secondary cache.
Now that we have realized the importance and advanced nature of multi-threading "Multithread" and multi-task "multitask" technologies, perhaps future computers will focus on developing these two technologies. Microsoft's Windows operating system supports multi-threading technology, which can give full play to the maximum performance of Intel's dual-core Pentium D processor. We have reason to believe that Intel's dual-core Pentium D processor will perform better with the release of more and more dual-core software.
Dell has launched a dual-core server with Intel Pentium D processors installed, which has brought new results to Dell's dual-core processor promotional offensive, which will enhance the processing capabilities of general-purpose servers. Intel has modified the mainstream chips of personal computers to use dual-core processors to handle servers that handle simple enterprise businesses, including email, file services and shared network access.
The market target of the new Dell PowerEdge SC430 server is small businesses, and Dell has tripled the number of server storage capabilities and high-speed data transfer channels compared to the previous PowerEdge SC420. Designed to run Windows Sever 2003, Red Hat or Suse Linux operating systems
2. Dual-core Xeon processor
Intel's dual-core Xeon server processors provide a whole new level of server performance and flexibility, providing an enterprise with an even better platform to better handle complex, synchronous transactions and increasing workloads. The server platform based on dual-core Intel Xeon processors is the ideal solution for multi-threaded and multi-task application environments.
It has a 2.80 GHz running speed and an 800 MHz system bus, with 2 MB of L2 cache per core and will be powered by an Intel E7520 chipset. Since each core is configured with its own cache, the amount of data on the system bus will be greatly reduced, and each core can access data faster.
Dual-core Xeon processors can significantly improve processing power without significantly increasing power consumption, allowing enterprises to more effectively scale their computing solutions while reducing costs. By integrating more cores in each processor, future Intel processors will be able to further expand these benefits, promising to continuously improve server performance.
The new dual-core Intel Xeon processor significantly improves the performance of business-critical applications, helping businesses suppress data center costs by increasing computing density, security and scalability, reducing power consumption and more. With the launch of dual-core Xeon processors, domestic and foreign server manufacturers such as Dell, Founder, IBM, HP, Lenovo, Baode, Inspur, etc. have launched dual-core Xeon server products.
3. Dual-core Itanium processor
Dual-core Itanium (core codename Montecito), Montecito's performance improvement mainly comes from dual-core architecture, hyperthreading technology and large-capacity cache. Because it integrates the cores of two Itanium 2 processors, the number of instructions it can process in parallel per clock cycle has increased from 6 of Itanium 2 to 12, and hyperthreading technology improves its work efficiency.
Its second- and third-level caches with a capacity of up to 26.5MB (12MB third-level cache and 1.25MB second-level cache are available for each core) are nearly twice as high as the Itanium 2, which has a total capacity of up to 9.25MB.
The dual-core processor using 90nm process has greatly improved its performance, exceeding nearly a quarter of the performance of Itanium 2 9M, which is mainly due to the two cores, up to 27MB of cache, improved hyperthreading technology, etc.
In terms of system bandwidth, the front-end bus clock frequency speed has increased from 400MHz of Itanium 2 to 667MHz, and the introduction of DDR2, dual independent buses and other technologies, the system bandwidth of the Montecito platform can reach three times that of the current Itanium 2 system.
Opening 11 Dual-core processor
AMD dual-core processor
1. The origin of dual-core processors
We know that in the development of processor technology, processor manufacturers have put frequency improvement first, and this seems to have become a standard, thus launching a competition for competition. At present, the development of processors is in such a state, where the increasingly high processor frequency brings amazing high power consumption. Therefore, the development of processor technology has once again become the focus of people's attention and has also become a bargaining chip for major CPU manufacturers to compete for market dominance.
Therefore, in the developed processor technology, dual-core processor technology has begun to emerge and has become a hot topic of technology development. In this technology, through new packaging technology, two processor chips are integrated into one processor, with two cores in one processor. In the eyes of the operating system, it is a real dual processor that can perform multiple tasks at the same time. In theory, this can improve system performance by 50% to 70%.
In fact, in the server field, we have seen dual-core processors, or even multi-core processors; in the development of multi-core processors, we have also gone through several development stages. Initially, SMP (Simultaneous Multi-Processor) was adopted to place multiple processors under one system to work together to improve performance.
Later, in order to reduce costs, developers gradually considered whether they could integrate two processors or processing cores into one chip, and SMT (Simultaneous Multi-Threading) technology and CMP (Chip Multi-Processor, single-chip multi-processor) architecture emerged. Therefore, technicians will focus more on CMP architecture, and accordingly, some dual-core and multi-core processors have been launched in the server market.
2. Understand AMD dual-core processors
The architecture of AMD dual-core products has been fully considered in the era of single-core. AMD Opteron core has three Hyper Transport bus control units, which are used to handle its connection to Northbridge chip, PCI-X controller and other processors. This connection to other processors refers to multi-processor technology.
In connection with other processors, if it is a dual-channel system, the two Opterons can be directly connected with the 16-bit, 6.4GBps bandwidth Hyper Transport bus.
The dual-core processor is another breakthrough result of AMD64's direct connection architecture. Because AMD64 technology was designed for dual-core technologies from the beginning; unlike other dual-core systems, dual-core processing based on AMD64 technology provides an upgrade method for existing infrastructure without interrupting normal business.
The dual-core Opteron processor is uniquely designed to be compatible with existing x86 software, whether for single-threaded or multi-threaded applications. This means that more than 1,300 applications from more than 300 ISVs will be able to support dual-core Opteron processors, and users only need to perform a simple BIOS upgrade without changing any code. More than 30 strategic software partners, including market-leading providers of operating systems, development software, databases, IT infrastructure and graphic design tools, have expressed strong support for the emergence of dual-core Opteron. Some famous operating systems, including Solaris 10 and compatible dual-core Linux operating systems, as well as the upcoming 64-bit version of Windows, have been specifically optimized for AMD64 dual-core technology.
The dual-core architecture is definitely a major upgrade for the current x86 server. Usually, what is facing us during the upgrade is nothing more than the incompatibility of the new CPU interface and the higher power consumption requirement, but these problems do not exist at all in this newly designed AMD dual-core Opteron. Another problem with the processor is power consumption. In terms of power consumption, AMD will maintain the power consumption of dual-core products at 95W or even lower, which means that you can continue to use the previous chassis and cooling system after upgrading to dual-core systems.
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